To identify: The step of antibody-mediated immune response pathway in which the AIDS patient are deficient.
Introduction: AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This is caused by the human immune deficiency virus (HIV). The patients infected with HIV suffer from a collection of disorders. Worldwide about 33 million people are infected with HIV.
To determine: The reason why the human body cannot fight off HIV infection.
Introduction: The antibody-mediated immune response protects the body against viruses and bacteria. The antibody-mediated immune response uses antibodies produced by plasma cells to specifically attack and destroy antigens. T-helper cells play an important role in the activation of B-cells.
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Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
- Why people get AIDS?arrow_forward“T-lymphocytes are the most important arm of the immune response in protecting the community against virus infection.” Do you agree with this statement? Explain your reasoningarrow_forwardFrom a biological perspective, AIDS is passed more readily from women to men than from men to women. True or false?arrow_forward
- Mr. Y’s HIV is being managed on a combination drug regimen that includes two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and one protease inhibitor (PI). His viral load is currently 50,000 copies/ mL; 3 months ago, his viral load was undetectable. His CD4+ T-lymphocyte count is 526 cells/mm3, down from 680 cells/mm3 3 months ago. Although he has been following his HAART regimen, he has experienced multiple complications, including several opportunistic infections. In light of his medical history, Mr. Y is especially concerned about his shortness of breath and hemoptysis. 1.What is the mechanism of action of the NRTI drugs that Mr. Y is taking for his HIV? 2. What is the rationale for the use of combined drug therapy in the treatment of HIV?arrow_forwardPlease make clear the answer. Last question I sent to you I didn’t totally understand your answer. Thanksarrow_forwardWhy is it difficult to cure AIDS?arrow_forward
- Why does an AIDS patient suffer from many infections?arrow_forward“T-lymphocytes are the most important arm of the immune response in protecting the community against virus infection.” Do you agree with this statement? Explain your reasoning in detailarrow_forwardThe myeloid line of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) includes all but which of the following? Question 34 options: a) Basophils b) Dendritic cells c) Monocytes d) Erythrocytesarrow_forward
- Why do HIV/aids need to be studied and researched? Justify your answer.arrow_forwardJohnny has just been infected and needs your help in letting him know how his body is fighting the infection. To do so, describe how the innate and adaptive immune systems work together. You should address the following: 1. define adaptive and innate immunity; 2. Describe the role of natural killer cells (how do they work); 3. what are antigen presenting cells and what is their function, what are MHCs?; 4. describe the role of the complement system; 5. what is the role of interferons?; 6. How do helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and B lymphocytes work make sure you address adaptive immunity memory?; 7. Define HIV, which cells do they attack and why do some individuals develop persistent lymphadenopathy (swollen or enlarged lymph nodes)?arrow_forwardMr. Conti died from a smallpox infection. The graphs (pictured) illustrate Anne's immune response and Mr. Conti's immune response. What differences do you see between these two graphs, and how do these differences explain why Anne survived and Mr. Conti died?arrow_forward
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