Chapter 17, Problem 26A

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The correct term to replace the italicized word from the sentence“some types of protists are used to make food products like bread and cheese”.

Introduction:

The largest and broadest category of all groups in the classification of life is known as domain. At present, there are three groups at this level, the domainArchaea ,domainBacteria , and  domainEukarya . Each domain has a collection of organisms with similar properties and evolutionary histories, as scientists have organized them according to cell type and structures. Within these domains, there are six kingdoms named, Archaea, bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.

Answer to Problem 26A

The correct term to replace the italicized word from the sentence is Fungi“some types of fungi are used to make food products like bread and cheese”.

Explanation of Solution

Domain bacteria comprises of prokaryotic members whose cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan. Bacteria can be autotrophic or heterotrophic and also can be aerobic and anaerobic. Examples of bacteria are cyanobacteria, mycobacterium.

Domain Archaea comprises of members which are thought to be more ancient than bacteria and more closely related to our eukaryotic ancestors. They are called extremophiles because they grow in extreme environments such as hot springs, salty lakes, thermal vents, and extremely acidic environments.

Domain Eukarya contains all eukaryotic members called eukaryotes which are further classified into protiosta, fungi, plantae and animalia on the basis of cell wall, cell structure and mode of nutrition.

• Protista comprises unicellular eukaryotes but their members are not necessary similar to each other so, they are further classified as desmids, dinoflagellates, eugnoids, slime molds and protozoans.
• Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that include microscopic forms such as such as yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. The organisms found in Kingdom fungi contain a cell wall made up of chitin and are omnipresent. They lack chlorophyll so are hetertrophic and obtain their nutrients from other living organisms. Some fungi are used to make bread and cheese such as yeast.
• Plantae comprises members that are eukaryotic and multicellular. Their cells contains cellulose. They also contain chlorophyll so, are photosynthetic hence autotrophic. Reproduction is both asexual and sexual.
• Kingdom Animalia contains members which are multicellular, eukaryotic and without chlorophyll. The cells do not have cell walls and plastids. Most of them are free moving. Nutrition is primarily ingestive.