(a) Interpretation: The energy A or G having the higher absolute value is to be predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions. Concept introduction: Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function. Helmholtz energy gives the value of the maximum amount of work done by system at a condition of constant volume. It is a state function.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The energy A or G having the higher absolute value is to be predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Helmholtz energy gives the value of the maximum amount of work done by system at a condition of constant volume. It is a state function.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The energy E or G having the higher absolute value is to predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions and the reason for the same is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Internal energy is defined as the total energy contained in a system. Its absolute value cannot be measured directly. It is a state function.

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

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The reaction for obtaining NO2 from NO and O2 has the rate equation: v = k[NO]2[O2]. Indicate which of the following options is correct.(A). This rate equation is inconsistent with the reaction consisting of a single trimolecular step.(B). Since the overall order is 3, the reaction must necessarily have some trimolecular step in its mechanism.(C). A two-step mechanism: 1) NO + NO ⇄ N2O2 (fast); 2) N2O2 + O2 → NO2 + NO2 (slow).(D). The mechanism must necessarily consist of three unimolecular elementary steps with very similar rate constants.

a. What is the eluent used in the column chromatography here (a “silica plug filtration” is essentially a very short column)? b. The spectroscopy of compound 5b is described in the second half of this excerpt, including 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR (which you will learn about in CHEM 2412L), MS (which you will learn about later in CHEM 2411L) and IR. One of the IR signals is at 3530 cm-1. What functional group does this indicate might be present in compound 5b?

Steps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The energy A or G having the higher absolute value is to be predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Helmholtz energy gives the value of the maximum amount of work done by system at a condition of constant volume. It is a state function.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The energy E or G having the higher absolute value is to predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions and the reason for the same is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Internal energy is defined as the total energy contained in a system. Its absolute value cannot be measured directly. It is a state function.

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The energy A or G having the higher absolute value is to be predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Helmholtz energy gives the value of the maximum amount of work done by system at a condition of constant volume. It is a state function.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The energy E or G having the higher absolute value is to predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions and the reason for the same is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Internal energy is defined as the total energy contained in a system. Its absolute value cannot be measured directly. It is a state function.

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The energy A or G having the higher absolute value is to be predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Helmholtz energy gives the value of the maximum amount of work done by system at a condition of constant volume. It is a state function.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The energy E or G having the higher absolute value is to predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions and the reason for the same is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Internal energy is defined as the total energy contained in a system. Its absolute value cannot be measured directly. It is a state function.

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

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Answer 5

Chapter 17, Problem 17.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The energy A or G having the higher absolute value is to be predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Helmholtz energy gives the value of the maximum amount of work done by system at a condition of constant volume. It is a state function.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The energy E or G having the higher absolute value is to predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions and the reason for the same is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Internal energy is defined as the total energy contained in a system. Its absolute value cannot be measured directly. It is a state function.

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Answer 6

Chapter 17, Problem 17.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The energy A or G having the higher absolute value is to be predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Helmholtz energy gives the value of the maximum amount of work done by system at a condition of constant volume. It is a state function.

Answer 7

Chapter 17, Problem 17.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The energy A or G having the higher absolute value is to be predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Helmholtz energy gives the value of the maximum amount of work done by system at a condition of constant volume. It is a state function.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The energy E or G having the higher absolute value is to predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions and the reason for the same is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Internal energy is defined as the total energy contained in a system. Its absolute value cannot be measured directly. It is a state function.

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The energy E or G having the higher absolute value is to predicted on the basis of statistical thermodynamic definitions and the reason for the same is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Internal energy is defined as the total energy contained in a system. Its absolute value cannot be measured directly. It is a state function.

Gibbs free energy gives the value of the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure. It is a state function.

Answer 10

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.1E Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.2E Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.3E Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.4E Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.5E Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.6E Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.7E Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.8E Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.9E Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.10E

Solution Summary: The author explains that Gibbs free energy gives the maximum reversible amount of work done by system at a condition of constant temperature and pressure.

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Chapter 17 Solutions