Chapter 16.SE, Problem 61AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The position and the ring in which the compound shown is expected to undergo electrophilic substitution is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions both ethereal oxygen and alkyl groups are ortho and para directing as they stabilize the carbocation intermediates for these attacks. If two alternate options exist, the electrophile will enter into the more activated ring. The position of the substituent will be decided by the stronger of the two substituent groups.

To state:

The position and the ring in which the compound shown is expected to undergo electrophilic substitution.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The position and the ring in which the compound shown is expected to undergo electrophilic substitution is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions both -NH- and halogens are ortho and para directing as they stabilize the carbocation intermediates for these attacks. If two alternate options exist, the electrophile will enter into the more activated ring. The orientation of the incoming electrophile will be decided by the stronger of the two substituent groups already present.

To state:

The position and the ring in which the compound shown is expected to undergo electrophilic substitution.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The position and the ring in which the compound shown is expected to undergo electrophilic substitution is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions, both aryl and alkyl are ortho and para directing as they stabilize the carbocation intermediates for these attacks. If two alternate options exist, the electrophile will enter into the more activated ring. The orientation of the incoming electrophile will be decided by the stronger of the two substituent groups already present.

To state:

The position and the ring in which the compound shown is expected to undergo electrophilic substitution.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The position and the ring in which the compound shown is expected to undergo electrophilic substitution is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions –C=O group is meta directing while halogens are ortho and para directing. If two alternate options exist the electrophile will enter into the more activated ring. The orientation of the incoming electrophile will be decided by the stronger of the two substituent groups already present.

To state:

The position and the ring in which the compound shown is expected to undergo electrophilic substitution.