ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-EBOOK>I<
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-EBOOK>I<
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305084414
Author: McMurry
Publisher: INTER CENG
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Chapter 16.SE, Problem 48AP
Interpretation Introduction

a) Chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene and benzene

Interpretation:

The compounds chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene and benzene are to be ranked according to their reactivity towards electrophilic substitution.

Concept introduction:

Aromatic compounds that contain an ortho and para directing substituent groups (except halogens) are more reactive than benzene and that contain meta directing substituent groups are less reactive than benzene. Halogens are ortho & para directing yet deactivating groups. Hence the halogen substituted benzenes are less reactive than benzene.

To rank:

The compounds chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene and benzene according to their reactivity towards electrophilic substitution.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-bromonitrobenzene, nitrobenzene, phenol

Interpretation:

The compounds p-bromonitrobenzene, nitrobenzene and phenol are to be ranked according to their reactivity towards electrophilic substitution.

Concept introduction:

Aromatic compounds that contain an ortho and para directing substituent groups (except halogens) are more reactive than benzene and that contain meta directing substituent groups are less reactive than benzene. Halogens are ortho & para directing yet deactivating groups. Hence the halogen substituted benzenes are less reactive than benzene.

To rank:

The compounds p-bromonitrobenzene, nitrobenzene and phenol according to their reactivity towards electrophilic substitution.

Interpretation Introduction

c) Fluorobenzene, benzaldehyde, o-xylene

Interpretation:

The compounds fluorobenzene, benzaldehyde and o-xylene are to be ranked according to their reactivity towards electrophilic substitution.

Concept introduction:

Aromatic compounds that contain an ortho and para directing substituent groups (except halogens) are more reactive than benzene and that contain meta directing substituent groups are less reactive than benzene. Halogens are ortho & para directing yet deactivating groups. Hence the halogen substituted benzenes are less reactive than benzene.

To rank:

The compounds fluorobenzene, benzaldehyde and o-xylene according to their reactivity towards electrophilic substitution.

Interpretation Introduction

d) Benzonitrile, p-methylbenzonitrile, p-methoxybenzonitrile

Interpretation:

The compounds benzonitrile, p-methylbenzonitrile and p-methoxybenzonitrile are to be ranked according to their reactivity towards electrophilic substitution.

Concept introduction:

Aromatic compounds that contain an ortho and para directing substituent groups (except halogens) are more reactive than benzene and that contain meta directing substituent groups are less reactive than benzene. Halogens are ortho & para directing yet deactivating groups. Hence the halogen substituted benzenes are less reactive than benzene.

To rank:

The compounds benzonitrile, p-methylbenzonitrile and p-methoxybenzonitrile according to their reactivity towards electrophilic substitution.

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Chapter 16 Solutions

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-EBOOK>I<

Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 11PCh. 16.4 - Acetanilide is less reactive than aniline toward...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 13PCh. 16.5 - At what position would you expect electrophilic...Ch. 16.5 - Show the major product(s) from reaction of the...Ch. 16.6 - The herbicide oxyfluorfen can be prepared by...Ch. 16.7 - Treatment of p-bromotoluene with NaOH at 300°C...Ch. 16.8 - Prob. 18PCh. 16.8 - Prob. 19PCh. 16.8 - Prob. 20PCh. 16.9 - Prob. 21PCh. 16.10 - Prob. 22PCh. 16.10 - Prob. 23PCh. 16.SE - Prob. 24VCCh. 16.SE - The following molecular model of a...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 26VCCh. 16.SE - Prob. 27VCCh. 16.SE - Aromatic iodination can be carried out with a...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 29MPCh. 16.SE - The carbocation electrophile in a Friede1-Crafts...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 31MPCh. 16.SE - The nitroso group, —N=O, is one of the few...Ch. 16.SE - Triphenylmethane can be prepared by reaction of...Ch. 16.SE - Using resonance structures of the intermediates,...Ch. 16.SE - Benzene and alkyl -substituted benzenes can be...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 36MPCh. 16.SE - Hexachlorophene, a substance used in the...Ch. 16.SE - Benzenediazonium carboxylate decomposes when...Ch. 16.SE - 4-Chloropyridine undergoes reaction with...Ch. 16.SE - Propose a mechanism to account for the following...Ch. 16.SE - In the Gatterman-Kochreaction, a formyl group...Ch. 16.SE - Treatment of p-tert-butylphenol with a strong acid...Ch. 16.SE - Benzyl bromide is converted into benzaldehyde by...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 44MPCh. 16.SE - Prob. 45MPCh. 16.SE - Prob. 46APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 47APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 48APCh. 16.SE - Predict the major monoalkylation products you...Ch. 16.SE - Name and draw the major product(s) of...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 51APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 52APCh. 16.SE - What product(s) would you expect to obtain from...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 54APCh. 16.SE - How would you synthesize the following substances...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 56APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 57APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 58APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 59APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 60APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 61APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 62APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 63APCh. 16.SE - How would you synthesize the following substances...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 65APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 66APCh. 16.SE - Draw resonance structures of the intermediate...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 68APCh. 16.SE - p-Bromotoluene reacts with potassium amide to give...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 70APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 71APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 72APCh. 16.SE - Use your knowledge of directing effects, along...Ch. 16.SE - Identify the reagents represented by the letters...Ch. 16.SE - Phenols (ArOH) are relatively acidic, and the...Ch. 16.SE - Prob. 76APCh. 16.SE - Prob. 77APCh. 16.SE - Melamine, used as a fire retardant and a component...
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