What is the standard free energy change, ∆ G °, for a reaction? What is the standard free energy of formation, Δ G f ∘ for a substance? How are Δ G f ∘ values used to calculate Δ G rxn ∘ ? How can you use Hess’s law to calculate Δ G rxn ∘ ? How can you use ∆H ° and ∆ S ° values to calculate Δ G rxn ∘ ? Of the functions ∆ H°, ∆ S °, and ∆ G °, which depends most strongly on temperature? When ∆ G ° is calculated at temperatures other than 25°C,what assumptions are generally made concerning ∆ H° and ∆ S °?
What is the standard free energy change, ∆ G °, for a reaction? What is the standard free energy of formation, Δ G f ∘ for a substance? How are Δ G f ∘ values used to calculate Δ G rxn ∘ ? How can you use Hess’s law to calculate Δ G rxn ∘ ? How can you use ∆H ° and ∆ S ° values to calculate Δ G rxn ∘ ? Of the functions ∆ H°, ∆ S °, and ∆ G °, which depends most strongly on temperature? When ∆ G ° is calculated at temperatures other than 25°C,what assumptions are generally made concerning ∆ H° and ∆ S °?
Solution Summary: The author explains that thermodynamics is associated with heat, temperature, and its relation with energy and work. It helps us to predict whether a process will take place or not.
What is the standard free energy change, ∆G°, for a reaction? What is the standard free energy of formation,
Δ
G
f
∘
for a substance? How are
Δ
G
f
∘
values used to calculate
Δ
G
rxn
∘
? How can you use Hess’s law to calculate
Δ
G
rxn
∘
? How can you use ∆H° and ∆S° values to calculate
Δ
G
rxn
∘
? Of the functions ∆H°, ∆S°, and ∆G°, which depends most strongly on temperature? When ∆G° is calculated at temperatures other than 25°C,what assumptions are generally made concerning ∆H° and ∆S°?
Vnk the elements or compounds in the table below in decreasing order of their boiling points. That is, choose 1 next to the substance with the highest bolling
point, choose 2 next to the substance with the next highest boiling point, and so on.
substance
C
D
chemical symbol,
chemical formula
or Lewis structure.
CH,-N-CH,
CH,
H
H 10: H
C-C-H
H H H
Cale
H 10:
H-C-C-N-CH,
Bri
CH,
boiling point
(C)
Сен
(C) B
(Choose
Please help me find the 1/Time, Log [I^-] Log [S2O8^2-], Log(time) on the data table. With calculation steps. And the average for runs 1a-1b. Please help me thanks in advance. Will up vote!
Q1: Answer the questions for the reaction below:
..!! Br
OH
a) Predict the product(s) of the reaction.
b) Is the substrate optically active? Are the product(s) optically active as a mix?
c) Draw the curved arrow mechanism for the reaction.
d) What happens to the SN1 reaction rate in each of these instances:
1. Change the substrate to
Br
"CI
2. Change the substrate to
3. Change the solvent from 100% CH3CH2OH to 10% CH3CH2OH + 90% DMF
4. Increase the substrate concentration by 3-fold.
Chapter 16 Solutions
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