A chemical test that would permit to distinguish between the two glycerol monobenzyl ethers is to be suggested. Concept Introduction: Vicinal diols have a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbon atoms. Reaction of a vicinal diol with periodic acid cleaves the bond attached to the two hydroxyl groups. If the hydroxyl group is attached to a primary carbon atom, formaldehyde is produced at that carbon atom. If the hydroxyl group is attached to a secondary carbon atom, aldehyde is produced at that carbon atom. If the hydroxyl group is attached to a tertiary carbon atom, a ketone is produced at that carbon atom. If the compound is a diol, but the hydroxyl groups are not attached to adjacent carbon atoms, then this diol has no effect on it when treated with periodic acid.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 35P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A chemical test that would permit to distinguish between the two glycerol monobenzyl ethers is to be suggested.

Concept Introduction:

Vicinal diols have a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbon atoms.

Reaction of a vicinal diol with periodic acid cleaves the bond attached to the two hydroxyl groups.

If the hydroxyl group is attached to a primary carbon atom, formaldehyde is produced at that carbon atom.

If the hydroxyl group is attached to a secondary carbon atom, aldehyde is produced at that carbon atom.

If the hydroxyl group is attached to a tertiary carbon atom, a ketone is produced at that carbon atom.

If the compound is a diol, but the hydroxyl groups are not attached to adjacent carbon atoms, then this diol has no effect on it when treated with periodic acid.

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Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring. It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Part A Given 7.30 gg of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%% yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures. Part B A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.95 gg of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? Express your answer as a percent to three significant figures. Part C The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0%% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.30 gg of…

Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring. It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Given 8.45 gg of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%% yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures. A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.50 gg of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? Express your answer as a percent to three significant figures. The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0%% yield. How many grams would be produced from 8.45 gg of butanoic acid and excess…

In preparation of dibenzalacetone, what products are prepared?

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 35P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A chemical test that would permit to distinguish between the two glycerol monobenzyl ethers is to be suggested.

Concept Introduction:

Vicinal diols have a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbon atoms.

Reaction of a vicinal diol with periodic acid cleaves the bond attached to the two hydroxyl groups.

If the hydroxyl group is attached to a primary carbon atom, formaldehyde is produced at that carbon atom.

If the hydroxyl group is attached to a secondary carbon atom, aldehyde is produced at that carbon atom.

If the hydroxyl group is attached to a tertiary carbon atom, a ketone is produced at that carbon atom.

If the compound is a diol, but the hydroxyl groups are not attached to adjacent carbon atoms, then this diol has no effect on it when treated with periodic acid.

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 35P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A chemical test that would permit to distinguish between the two glycerol monobenzyl ethers is to be suggested.

Concept Introduction:

Vicinal diols have a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbon atoms.

Reaction of a vicinal diol with periodic acid cleaves the bond attached to the two hydroxyl groups.

If the hydroxyl group is attached to a primary carbon atom, formaldehyde is produced at that carbon atom.

If the hydroxyl group is attached to a secondary carbon atom, aldehyde is produced at that carbon atom.

If the hydroxyl group is attached to a tertiary carbon atom, a ketone is produced at that carbon atom.

If the compound is a diol, but the hydroxyl groups are not attached to adjacent carbon atoms, then this diol has no effect on it when treated with periodic acid.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 35P

Interpretation Introduction