ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260406092
Author: HARTWELL, Leland, HOOD, Leroy, Goldberg, Michael
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education/stony Brook University
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Chapter 16, Problem 34P
In 2005, Frederick Blattner and his colleagues found that E. coli cells have a global transcriptional program that helps them forage for better sources of carbon. Many genes, including genes needed for bacterial motility, are turned on in response to poorer carbon sources so that the bacteria can search for better nutrition. You now want to search for genes that regulate this response. How could you use lacZ fusions to try to identify such regulatory genes?
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The amino acid asparagine is synthesized from aspartic acid by the enzyme asparagine synthetase (AS).
In the previous problem you proposed a model for how this gene could be regulated. Suppose that you carry out an experiment to test your model. To do this you cut out the regulatory sequences upstream of the gene and fuse it to a gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). Now you can visually observe when the gene is activated. You insert this engineered gene into a host cell and look for GFP expression. You discover some mutants that have different expression levels of GFP and call them GFP1- and GFP2-. The expression levels of GFP are given below.
Cell
GFP expression
Wild type
100
GFP1-
50
GFP2-
0
Propose an explanation for these results based on your model. In other words, what was mutated and how?
This answer should include whether the mutation is (view links for more information):
dominant or recessive https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21578/#A1877
in a cis…
The amino acid asparagine is synthesized from aspartic acid by the enzyme asparagine synthetase (AS).
In the previous problem you proposed a model for how this gene could be regulated. Suppose that you carry out an experiment to test your model. To do this you cut out the regulatory sequences upstream of the gene and fuse it to a gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). Now you can visually observe when the gene is activated. You insert this engineered gene into a host cell and look for GFP expression. You discover some mutants that have different expression levels of GFP and call them GFP1- and GFP2-. The expression levels of GFP are given below.
Cell
GFP expression
Wild type
100
GFP1-
50
GFP2-
0
Propose an explanation for these results based on your model. In other words, what was mutated and how?
Your answer should include whether the mutation is (see links for more information):
dominant or recessive https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21578/#A1877…
cAMP binds to cAMP Receptor Protein (CRP), allowing CRP to bind to the promoter of the lac operon
a) in positive gene regulation by increasing the transcription when glucose is absent and lactose is present
b) in negative gene regulation by decreasing the transcription when glucose is absent and lactose is present
c) in positive gene regulation by increasing the transcription when glucose is present and lactose is absent
d) in negative gene regulation by decreasing the transcription when glucose is present and lactose is absent
Chapter 16 Solutions
ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
Ch. 16 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 16 - The following statement occurs early in this...Ch. 16 - One of the main lessons of this chapter is that...Ch. 16 - All mutations that abolish function of the Rho...Ch. 16 - The figure at the beginning of this chapter shows...Ch. 16 - The promoter of an operon is the site to which RNA...Ch. 16 - You are studying an operon containing three genes...Ch. 16 - You have isolated a protein that binds to DNA in...Ch. 16 - You have isolated two different mutants reg1 and...Ch. 16 - Bacteriophage , after infecting a cell, can...
Ch. 16 - Mutants were isolated in which the constitutive...Ch. 16 - Suppose you have six strains of E. coli. One is...Ch. 16 - The previous problem raises some interesting...Ch. 16 - For each of the E. coli strains containing the lac...Ch. 16 - For each of the following growth conditions, what...Ch. 16 - For each of the following mutant E. coli strains,...Ch. 16 - Maltose utilization in E. coli requires the...Ch. 16 - Seven E. coli mutants were isolated. The activity...Ch. 16 - Cells containing missense mutations in the crp...Ch. 16 - Six strains of E.coli mutants 16 that had one of...Ch. 16 - a. The original constitutive operator mutations in...Ch. 16 - In an effort to determine the location of an...Ch. 16 - Prob. 23PCh. 16 - The footprinting experiment described in Fig....Ch. 16 - Why is the trp attenuation mechanism unique to...Ch. 16 - a. How many ribosomes are required at a minimum...Ch. 16 - The following is a sequence of the leader region...Ch. 16 - For each of the E. coli strains that follow,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 29PCh. 16 - For each element in the list that follows,...Ch. 16 - Among the structurally simplest riboswitches are...Ch. 16 - Great variation exists in the mechanisms by which...Ch. 16 - Many genes whose expression is turned on by DNA...Ch. 16 - In 2005, Frederick Blattner and his colleagues...Ch. 16 - The E.coli MalT protein is a positive regulator of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 36PCh. 16 - Prob. 37PCh. 16 - Prob. 38PCh. 16 - Prob. 39PCh. 16 - Prob. 40PCh. 16 - Prob. 41PCh. 16 - The researchers who investigated bioluminescence...Ch. 16 - Prob. 43PCh. 16 - Quorum sensing controls the expression of...Ch. 16 - Scientists are currently screening a chemical...
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- In the bacterium,Martian coli, it was discovered that the lac operon is positively regulated. Lactose, when present, binds to the regulatory protein A. The protein A-lactose complex then binds to the operator domain 0 and induces synthesis of lacZ+ and lacY+ MRNAS. a) What would be the most common phenotype of o- mutants in terms of lactose utilization? Explain your answer. b) What would be the most common phenotype of A- mutants? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardIn lac operon, both gene A and gene B undergo a transcription process. Gene B can only undergo transcription in the presence of lactose and in the absence of glucose. The product of gene A is often altered by an inducer. Which of the following is true about genes A and B? Select one: a. Gene A= structural gene; Gene B= regulatory gene b. Gene A= regulatory gene; Gene B= structural gene c. Gene A= promoter gene; Gene B= operator gene d. Gene A= lacZ gene; Gene B= promoter genearrow_forwardWild-type E. coli grow best at 37oC, but can grow efficiently at temperatures up to 42oC. An E. coli strain has a mutation in the gene encoding rho protein that results in a stable protein at 37oC, but this mutant protein ceases to function at 42oC. When bacteria bearing this temperature-sensitive mutation are raised at 42oC, which of the following effects would you expect to see? Explain your reasoning for each of the 5 optionsa. Transcription does not take placeb. All RNA molecules are shorter than normalc. All RNA molecules are longer than normald. Some RNA molecules are longer than normal e. RNA is transcribed from both strandsarrow_forward
- Most structural genes of bacteria are grouped together and transcribed from a single affect transcription of the genes. immediately following this sequence is the that interacts with a regulatory proter A) O regulon; promoter B) O ribosome; ribosome-binding sequence C) O promoter; operator D) O promoter, regulon E) O ribosome-binding sequence; operatorarrow_forwardRho independent terminators Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a a) contain a GC rich stem loop followed by a run of Us b b) need the help of other proteins to terminate transcription C) are very rare in E. coli d) none of the abovearrow_forwardThe Biofuels industry is interested in engineering bacteria so that they may produce fuels such as ethanol. In one such study, scientists generated a strain of E coli in which they deleted the rpos gene from the strain of E coli. This deletion substantially enhance the production of ethanol. Explain the normal function of rpoS and why its deletion might improve ethanol production (limit 5-6 sentences)? Effect rpoS Deletion on EtOH Production [EtOH] g/L 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 0 5 10 Time (hr) 15 20 -rpos(+) -rpos(-)arrow_forward
- The “domain-swapping” experiment that grafts the Gal4 DNA-binding domain to the LexA activation domain generates a chimeric protein that will: A) bind to the Gal4 site. B) bindto the LexA site. C) activate transcription of the LexA gene. D) activate transcription of alleukaryotic genes. E) All of the answer options are correct.arrow_forwardAnswer these two multiple choice questionsarrow_forwardMetabolic control is crucial part of survival for all bacteria. The lactose operon is located on the bacteria chromosome and assists in maintaining homeostasis. (a) Describe how an operon regulates the expression of genes. (b) Feedback plays an important part in life helping to maintain homeostasis. Explain how both negative and positive feedback help maintain homeostasisarrow_forward
- The absence of tryptophan (trp) in E. coli A) O produces an inactive trp repressor B) O causes tryptophan to act as an inducer of transcription of the trp operon C) O prevents transcription of the trp structural genes D) O none of the abovearrow_forwardThe lac operon has which of the following characteristics? O 1) usually requires an activator protein bound to the promoter to be transcribed. O 2) is inactive in the presence of lactose. O 3) is active in the presence of a repressor. O 4) Is a constitutively active operator. O5) is only active in the presence of lactose.arrow_forwardA mutation that inactivates the repressor gene of the lac operon results in (a) the continuous transcription of the structural genes (b) no transcription of the structural genes (c) the binding of the repressor to the operator (d) no production of RNA polymerase (e) no difference in the rate of transcriptionarrow_forward
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