Chapter 16, Problem 16.11YT

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The number of protons that are coupled to the one that gives rise to each of the signals shown below is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Various types of splitting patterns arise from the $\text{N + 1}$ rule. When there are zero, one, two, three, or four coupled protons, the signal appears as a singlet $\text{(s}$), doublet ($\text{d}$), triplet ($\text{t}$), quartet ($\text{q}$), or quintet ($\text{qn}$) respectively. With a significantly greater number of coupled protons, the splitting pattern is described as a multiplet ($\text{m}$). According to the $\text{N + 1}$ rule, the protons that are responsible for splitting a signal must be distinct from the protons that give rise to the signal.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The number of protons that are coupled to the one that gives rise to each of the signals shown below is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Various types of splitting patterns arise from the $\text{N + 1}$ rule. When there are zero, one, two, three, or four coupled protons, the signal appears as a singlet $\text{(s}$), doublet ($\text{d}$), triplet ($\text{t}$), quartet ($\text{q}$), or quintet ($\text{qn}$) respectively. With a significantly greater number of coupled protons, the splitting pattern is described as a multiplet ($\text{m}$). According to the $\text{N + 1}$ rule, the protons that are responsible for splitting a signal must be distinct from the protons that give rise to the signal.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The number of protons that are coupled to the one that gives rise to each of the signals shown below is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Various types of splitting patterns arise from the $\text{N + 1}$ rule. When there are zero, one, two, three, or four coupled protons, the signal appears as a singlet $\text{(s}$), doublet ($\text{d}$), triplet ($\text{t}$), quartet ($\text{q}$), or quintet ($\text{qn}$) respectively. With a significantly greater number of coupled protons, the splitting pattern is described as a multiplet ($\text{m}$). According to the $\text{N + 1}$ rule, the protons that are responsible for splitting a signal must be distinct from the protons that give rise to the signal.