Concept explainers
Interpretation:The plot (red or blue) that represents catalyzed pathway needs to be determined from the given graph.
Concept Introduction: The effective collisions are those which leads to the formation of a product that is a
Interpretation:The meaning ofrepresentation of
Concept Introduction: The effective collisions are those which leads to the formation of a product that is a chemical reaction takes place. In order to achieve these collisions, the minimum amount of energy is required which is termed as activation energy.
Interpretation: The meaning of representation of
Concept Introduction: The effective collisions are those which leads to the formation of a product that is a chemical reaction takes place. In order to achieve these collisions, the minimum amount of energy is required which is termed as activation energy.
Interpretation:Whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic should be determined.
Concept Introduction: Endothermic and exothermic processes are defined on the basis of energy involved. The addition of energy is endothermic whereas loss of energy is exothermic.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Chemical Principles
- One of the components of polluted air is NO. It is formed in the high-temperature environment of internal combustion engines by the following reaction: N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g)H=180KJ Why are high temperatures needed to convert N2 and O2 to NO?arrow_forwardClassify the following processes according to their rates as very slow, slow, or fast: a.The souring of milk stored in a refrigerator b.The cooking of an egg in boiling water c.The rusting of a shovel left in the garden over the winter d.The growing of corn during a warm summer e.The burning of a lighted match.arrow_forwardDetermine rxnH 25 C for the following reaction: NO g O2 g NO2 g This reaction is a major participant in the formation of smog.arrow_forward
- The following equation represents a reversible decomposition: CaCO3(s)CaO(s)+CO2(g) Under what conditions will decomposition in a closed container proceed to completion so that no CaCO3 remains?arrow_forwardHydrogen chloride gas dissolves in water to form hydrochloric acid (an ionic solution). HCl(g)H2OH+(aq)+Cl(aq) Find H for the above reaction. The data are given in Table 6.2.arrow_forwardSilicon forms a series of compounds analogous to the al-kanes and having the general formula SinH2n+2. The first of these compounds is silane, SiH4, which is used in the electronics industry to produce thin ultrapure silicon films. SiH4(g) is somewhat difficult to work with because it is py-ropboric at room temperature—meaning that it bursts into flame spontaneously when exposed to air. (a) Write an equation for the combustion of SiH4(g). (The reaction is analogous to hydrocarbon combustion, and SiO2 is a solid under standard conditions. Assume the water produced will be a gas.) (b) Use the data from Appendix E to calculate ? for this reaction. (c) Calculate G and show that the reaction is spontaneous at 25°C. (d) Compare G for this reaction to the combustion of methane. (See the previous problem.) Are the reactions in these two exercises enthalpy or entropy driven? Explain.arrow_forward
- What is incomplete combustion of fossil fuels? Why can this be a problem?arrow_forwardCalcium carbide, CaC2, is manufactured by reducing lime with carbon at high temperature. (The carbide is used in turn to make acetylene, an industrially important organic chemical.) Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic?arrow_forwardConsider the two space shuttle fuel reactions in Exercises 81 and 82. Which reaction produces more energy per kilogram of reactant mixture (stoichiometric amounts)? 81. The reusable booster rockets of the space shuttle use a mixture of aluminum and ammonium perchlorate as fuel. A possible reaction is 3Al(s)+3NH4ClO4(s)Al2O3(s)+AlCl3(s)+3NO(g)+6H2O(g) Calculate H for this reaction 82. The space shuttle Orbiter utilizes the oxidation of methylhydrazine by dinitrogen tetroxide for propulsion: 4N2H3CH3(l)+5N2O4(l)12H2O(g)+9N2(g)+4CO2(g) Calculate H for this reactionarrow_forward
- Nonearrow_forwardV 1arrow_forwardMacmillan Learning Consider the reaction. 2 Fe2O3 → 4 Fe +302 AHxn = +824.2 kJ The decomposition of 56.0 g of Fe2O3 results in the absorption of 145 kJ of heat. the release of 289 kJ of heat. the absorption of 289 kJ of heat. the absorption of 23100 kJ of heat. the release of 145 kJ of heat. O the release of 23100 kJ of heat.arrow_forward
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