Chapter 15, Problem 7Q

To determine

(a) To Determine:

What happens when the lid of a bottle containing chlorine gas is removed?

Answer to Problem 7Q

Solution:

The chlorine gas will mix with room air.

Explanation of Solution

When the lid of the bottle containing the chlorine gas is removed, gas mixes with the air of the room surrounding the bottle and both the bottle and the room is a mixture of chlorine gas and air.

To determine

(b) To Determine:

Can reverse process ever happen?

Answer to Problem 7Q

Solution:

No, the reverse process can never happen.

Explanation of Solution

The reverse process that is the chlorine particle recollected so that they settle down in the bottle can never happen because it violates the second law of thermodynamics which states that the total entropy can never decrease over time for an isolated system.

To determine

(c) To Determine:

Two examples of irreversible process.

Answer to Problem 7Q

Solution:

Irreversible processes are those in which reverse process can never happen. Examples for the same have been given below.

Explanation of Solution

Certain things only happen in one direction and not in the other direction which is called the “arrow of time” and in thermodynamics it is called as entropy which is denoted asEntropy always increases.

When a food color is added to the glass of water, the color will disperse in some time, but it will never gather again to form a drop of color naturally.So this is an example of irreversible process.

The other example of irreversible process can be viewed as with the passage of time and years, we get older and older but never younger.