Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 15, Problem 6RA
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The true statement among the given options about Fab (fragment of antigen binding) regions of antibodies.
Introduction:
Antibodies are the main components of an immune system. They can potently bind with the antigens. The antibody has a Fab region, which is the antigenbinding site for an antibody. The antibody also has an Fc (fragment of crystallization) region, which allows the antibody to activate the immune system.
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Students have asked these similar questions
which one of the following properties of antibodies is NOT dependant on the structure of the heavy-chain constant region?
A. ability to cross the placenta
B. isotype (class of antibody)
C. ability to fix complement
D. affinity for drug
The region of an antibody that is the antigen binding site is thea. constant region. b. variable region. c. heavy chain.
d. light chain.
e. hinge region.
(1) In antibody structure, where are can we find unique variable domains?
A. at the tip of each polypeptide chain
B. on the stem region of the antibody
C. at the bottom of each polypeptide chain
D. only on immunoglobulin E
(2) The stem region of the antibody determines the:
A. general immunological mechanism of action
B. specific inflammatory response
C. specific immunological mechnism of action
D. shape of the variable domains
(3) Antibodies are proteins that consists of ------ polypeptides in a ------ shaped structure.
A. three, X
B. four, Y
C. five, clover
D. two, Y
Chapter 15 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 15 - List the phagocytic cells found in blood and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 2aCPCh. 15 - Prob. 2bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 2cCPCh. 15 - Prob. 3CPCh. 15 - Prob. 4aCPCh. 15 - Prob. 4bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 5CPCh. 15 - Prob. 6aCP
Ch. 15 - Prob. 6bCPCh. 15 - Define the term histocompatibility antigens and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 8aCPCh. 15 - Prob. 8bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 8cCPCh. 15 - Prob. 8dCPCh. 15 - Prob. 9CPCh. 15 - Prob. 10aCPCh. 15 - Prob. 10bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 10cCPCh. 15 - Prob. 11CPCh. 15 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 15 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 15 - Which of these offers a nonspecific defense...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2RACh. 15 - Prob. 3RACh. 15 - Prob. 4RACh. 15 - Prob. 5RACh. 15 - Prob. 6RACh. 15 - Prob. 7RACh. 15 - Mast cell secretion during an immediate...Ch. 15 - Prob. 9RACh. 15 - Which of these cell types aids the activation of T...Ch. 15 - Prob. 11RACh. 15 - Delayed hypersensitivity is mediated by...Ch. 15 - Active immunity may be produced by...Ch. 15 - Which of these statements about class-2 MHC...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15RACh. 15 - Prob. 16RACh. 15 - Prob. 17RACh. 15 - Which of these statements about gamma interferon...Ch. 15 - Explain how antibodies help to destroy invading...Ch. 15 - Identify the different types of interferons and...Ch. 15 - Distinguish between the class-I and class-2 MHC...Ch. 15 - Prob. 22RACh. 15 - Prob. 23RACh. 15 - Describe how plasma cells attack antigens and how...Ch. 15 - Explain how tolerance to self-antigens may be...Ch. 15 - Use the clonal selection theory to explain how...Ch. 15 - Prob. 27RACh. 15 - Distinguish between immediate and delayed...Ch. 15 - Describe regulatory T lymphocytes and their...Ch. 15 - Prob. 30RACh. 15 - The specific T lymphocyte immune response is...Ch. 15 - Lizards are cold-blooded; their body temperature...Ch. 15 - Why are antibodies composed of different chains,...Ch. 15 - As a scientist trying to cure allergy, you are...Ch. 15 - The part of the placenta that invades the mother's...Ch. 15 - Describe the antigen-dependent and...Ch. 15 - People with peanut allergies could go into...Ch. 15 - Identify some immunologically privileged sites in...Ch. 15 - Use figure 15.6 to answer the following questions...Ch. 15 - Use figure 15.6 to answer the following questions...Ch. 15 - Prob. 41RACh. 15 - Prob. 42RA
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- All of the following are functions of antibodies except a. neutralization of pathogen. b. destruction of antigen. c. agglutination of antigen. d. opsonization.arrow_forwardWhich of the two antibodies shown in the figure below are most likely to have the same antigen-binding specificity? Explain your reasoningarrow_forwardWhich of the following plays a role in the Arthus reaction?a. IgE antibodies. b. complement c. cell-associated antigen d. cytotoxic T cellsarrow_forward
- Which of the following is an INCORRECT match?arrow_forwardWhich portion of an antibody provides antigen binding sites? A.Heavy chain B.Constant portion C.Light chain D.Variable portionarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true for antigen presentation. a. Antigen presentation means that other cells attach the pathogen first and present it to T cells. b. Antigen-presenting cells display protein fragments, resulting from the digestion of the pathogen, in complex with MHC receptor to B cells c. Antigen presenting cells display protein fragments, resulting from the digestion of the pathogen, in complex with MHC receptor on their surface. d. Antigen-presenting cells are phagocytic cells e. Antigen presentation is required for T cell activation f. Cytokines released by macrophages are required for T cell activation g. T cell receptors recognize the MHC receptors in complex with antigen fragments displayed by antigen-presenting cells. h. Phagocytic cells are involved in innate immunity. Therefore they have no role in T-cell activationarrow_forward
- Antibodies Select one: a. are shaped like the letter B b. assist in destroying particular antigens C. are generalists in that any antibody can bind to any antigen d. all of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a function of antibodies? Select one: a. They neutralize pathogens by masking the pathogen surface. b. They act as molecular adaptors that bridge together pathogen and phagocyte surfaces. c. They exert toxic effects directly. d. They act as opsonins that mediate phagocytosis. e. They activate complement fixation.arrow_forwardAntibodies can have multiple mechanisms of action. The main mechanism is "flagging" a foreign body for phagocytosis and degradation. Another mechanism is... Select one: a. Binding of the Fc domain to T cells for cooperative antigen recognition and destruction. b. Altering the local pH by the formation of carbamate upon reaction with CO2 to denature protein antigens. c. Binding of the variable region to multiple different/distinct sites on the antigen. d. None of these. e. Binding of the antigen in regions essential for its function.arrow_forward
- Which of these statements about gamma interferon is false? a. It is a polypeptide autocrine regulator. b. It can be produced in response to viral infections. c. It stimulates the immune system to attack infected cells and tumors. d.It is produced by almost all cells in the body.arrow_forwardExplain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. Which statement is true about T cells? a. They usually directly recognize antigens, which then activates a subpopulation of killer cells b. Their proliferation is enhanced by interleukins 1 and 2. c. Once activated, they cannot secrete cytokines. d. They will develop into cytotoxic T cells if antigen is complexed with class II MHC proteins.arrow_forwardVariable amino acid sequences on the arms of the antibody moleculea. make the antibody specific for a given antigen.b. enable the antibody to activate complement.c. enable the antibody to attach to basophils and mast cells.d. are part of the constant region.e. All of these are correct.arrow_forward
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