Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 15, Problem 17RA
Summary Introduction
To review:
Role of interleukin-12.
Introduction:
Interleukin-12 is produced by the macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphoblastic cells. It is a type of heterodimeric protein and is classified under IL-12 related cytokines. It also functions as a stimulator of interferon gamma as well as tumor necrosis factor. This cytokine promotes the proliferation of natural killer cells.
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Explain down bellow what happens to the cell in pictures not in words:
Decreased pH in mitochondria
Increased ATP
Decreased pH in cytosol
Increased hydrolysis
Decreasing glycogen and triglycerides
Increased MAP kinase activity
Poor ion transport → For each one:→ What normally happens?→ What is wrong now?→ How does it mess up the cell?
1.) Community Diversity:
The brown and orange line represent two different plant communities.
a. Which color represents the community with a higher species richness?
b. Which color represents the community with a higher species evenness?
Relative abundance
0.1
0.04
0.001
2 4 6
8
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Rank abundance
c. What is the maximum value of the Simpson's diversity index (remember, Simpson's
index is D = p², Simpson's diversity index is 1-D)?
d. If the Simpson's diversity index equals 1, what does that mean about the number of
species and their relative abundance within community being assessed?
1.) Community Diversity:
The brown and orange line represent two different plant communities.
a. Which color represents the community with a higher species richness?
b. Which color represents the community with a higher species evenness?
Relative abundance
0.1
0.04
0.001
2 4 6
8
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Rank abundance
c. What is the maximum value of the Simpson's diversity index (remember, Simpson's
index is D = p², Simpson's diversity index is 1-D)?
d. If the Simpson's diversity index equals 1, what does that mean about the number of
species and their relative abundance within community being assessed?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 15 - List the phagocytic cells found in blood and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 2aCPCh. 15 - Prob. 2bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 2cCPCh. 15 - Prob. 3CPCh. 15 - Prob. 4aCPCh. 15 - Prob. 4bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 5CPCh. 15 - Prob. 6aCP
Ch. 15 - Prob. 6bCPCh. 15 - Define the term histocompatibility antigens and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 8aCPCh. 15 - Prob. 8bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 8cCPCh. 15 - Prob. 8dCPCh. 15 - Prob. 9CPCh. 15 - Prob. 10aCPCh. 15 - Prob. 10bCPCh. 15 - Prob. 10cCPCh. 15 - Prob. 11CPCh. 15 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 15 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 15 - Which of these offers a nonspecific defense...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2RACh. 15 - Prob. 3RACh. 15 - Prob. 4RACh. 15 - Prob. 5RACh. 15 - Prob. 6RACh. 15 - Prob. 7RACh. 15 - Mast cell secretion during an immediate...Ch. 15 - Prob. 9RACh. 15 - Which of these cell types aids the activation of T...Ch. 15 - Prob. 11RACh. 15 - Delayed hypersensitivity is mediated by...Ch. 15 - Active immunity may be produced by...Ch. 15 - Which of these statements about class-2 MHC...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15RACh. 15 - Prob. 16RACh. 15 - Prob. 17RACh. 15 - Which of these statements about gamma interferon...Ch. 15 - Explain how antibodies help to destroy invading...Ch. 15 - Identify the different types of interferons and...Ch. 15 - Distinguish between the class-I and class-2 MHC...Ch. 15 - Prob. 22RACh. 15 - Prob. 23RACh. 15 - Describe how plasma cells attack antigens and how...Ch. 15 - Explain how tolerance to self-antigens may be...Ch. 15 - Use the clonal selection theory to explain how...Ch. 15 - Prob. 27RACh. 15 - Distinguish between immediate and delayed...Ch. 15 - Describe regulatory T lymphocytes and their...Ch. 15 - Prob. 30RACh. 15 - The specific T lymphocyte immune response is...Ch. 15 - Lizards are cold-blooded; their body temperature...Ch. 15 - Why are antibodies composed of different chains,...Ch. 15 - As a scientist trying to cure allergy, you are...Ch. 15 - The part of the placenta that invades the mother's...Ch. 15 - Describe the antigen-dependent and...Ch. 15 - People with peanut allergies could go into...Ch. 15 - Identify some immunologically privileged sites in...Ch. 15 - Use figure 15.6 to answer the following questions...Ch. 15 - Use figure 15.6 to answer the following questions...Ch. 15 - Prob. 41RACh. 15 - Prob. 42RA
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