Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168390
Author: Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 45E
What reagent might be used to separate the ions in each of the following mixtures, which are 0.1 M with respect to each ion? In some cases it may be necessary to control the pH. (Hint: Consider the KSP values given in Appendix J.)
(a) Hg22+ and Cu2+.
(b) SO42- and Cl-.
(c) Hg2+ and CO2+.
(d) Zn2+ and Sr2+.
(e) Ba2+ and Mg2+.
(f) CO32- and OH-
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What reagent might be used to separate the ions in each of the following mixtures, which are 0.1 M with respect to each ion? In some cases it may be necessary to control the pH. (Hint: Consider the Ksp values given in Appendix J.)
(a) Hg22+ and Cu2+
(b) SO42− and Cl–
(c) Hg2+ and Co2+
(d) Zn2+ and Sr2+
(e) Ba2+ and Mg2+
(f) CO32− and OH–
Which of the following pairs of solution would you use to prepare a buffer with pH = 7.45?
(A) Acetic acid + sodium acetate; (CH3CO2H has Ka = 1.8 x 10–5)
(B) Sodium dihydrogen phosphate + sodium hydrogen phosphate; (H2PO4– has Ka = 6.2 x 10–8)
(C) Ammonium chloride + ammonia; (NH3 has Kb = 1.8 x 10–5)
(D) Sodium hydrogen carbonate + sodium carbonate; (HCO3– has Ka = 5.6 x 10–11)
A 250-mL buffer solution contains 0.0510 mole of KH2PO4 and 0.0875 mole of K2HPO4.
(a) Calculate the molar concentrations of H2PO4–and HPO42–, respectively, in thesolution.
(b) What is the pH of the solution? (H2PO4– has Ka = 6.2 x 10–8)
(c) Write a net ionic equation for the buffering reaction against a strong acid by this buffer.
(d) If 0.012 mole of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to the solution, create a reaction table to show the buffering reaction and calculate the molar concentration of H2PO4–and HPO42–, respectively, in the resulting solution after the buffering reaction.
(e) What is the pH of the resulting solution?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Ch. 15 - Complete the changes in concentrations for each of...Ch. 15 - Complete the changes in concentrations for each of...Ch. 15 - How do the concentrations of Ag+ and CrO42- in a...Ch. 15 - How do the concentrations of Pb2+ and S2- change...Ch. 15 - What additional information do we need to answer...Ch. 15 - Which of the following slightly soluble compounds...Ch. 15 - Which of the following slightly soluble compounds...Ch. 15 - Write the ionic equation for dissolution and the...Ch. 15 - Write the ionic equation for the dissolution and...Ch. 15 - The Handbook of Chemistry and Physics...
Ch. 15 - The Handbook of Chemistry and Physics...Ch. 15 - Use solubility products and predict which of the...Ch. 15 - Assuming that no equilibria other than dissolution...Ch. 15 - Assuming that no equilibria other than dissolution...Ch. 15 - Assuming that no equilibria other than dissolution...Ch. 15 - Assuming that no equilibria other than dissolution...Ch. 15 - Assuming that no equilibria other than dissolution...Ch. 15 - Explain why the changes in concentrations of the...Ch. 15 - Explain why the Changes in concentrations of the...Ch. 15 - Calculate the solubility of aluminum hydroxide,...Ch. 15 - Refer to Appendix J for solubility products for...Ch. 15 - Most barium compounds are very poisonous; however,...Ch. 15 - Public Health Service standards for drinking water...Ch. 15 - Perform the following calculations: (a) Calculate...Ch. 15 - The solubility product of CaSO42H2O is 2.4105....Ch. 15 - Assuming that no equilibria other than dissolution...Ch. 15 - Assuming that no equilibria other than dissolution...Ch. 15 - The following concentrations are found in mixtures...Ch. 15 - The following concentrations are found in mixtures...Ch. 15 - Which of the following compounds precipitates from...Ch. 15 - Which of the following compounds precipitates from...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentration of Tl+ when TICl just...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentration of sulfate ion when...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentration of Sr2+ when SrF2...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentration of PO43- when Ag3PO4...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentration of F- required to...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentration] of Ag+ required to...Ch. 15 - What [Ag+] is required to reduce [CO32-] to...Ch. 15 - What [F-] is required to reduce [Ca2+] to 1.0104M...Ch. 15 - A volume of 0.800 L of a 2104 -M Ba(NO3)2 solution...Ch. 15 - Perform these calculations for nickel(II)...Ch. 15 - Iron concentrations greater than 5.4106 M in water...Ch. 15 - A solution is 0.010 M in both Cu2+ and Cd2+. What...Ch. 15 - A solution is 0.15 M in both Pb2+ and Ag+. If Cl-...Ch. 15 - What reagent might be used to separate the ions in...Ch. 15 - A solution contains 1.0105 mol of KBr and 0.10 mol...Ch. 15 - A solution contains 1.0102 mol of Kl and 0.10 mol...Ch. 15 - The calcium ions in human blood serum are...Ch. 15 - About 50% of urinary calculi (kidney stones)...Ch. 15 - The pH of normal urine is 6.30, and the total...Ch. 15 - Magnesium metal (a component of alloys used in...Ch. 15 - Hydrogen sulfide is bubbled into a solution that...Ch. 15 - Perform the following calculations involving...Ch. 15 - Calculate the molar solubility of AgBr in 0.035 M...Ch. 15 - How many grams of Pb(OH)2 will dissolve in 500 mL...Ch. 15 - Use the simulation...Ch. 15 - How many grams of Milk of Magnesia, Mg(OH)2 (s)...Ch. 15 - Two hypothetical salts, LM2 and LQ, have the same...Ch. 15 - Which of the following carbonates will form first?...Ch. 15 - How many grams of Zn(CN)2(s) (117.44 g/mol) would...Ch. 15 - Under what circumstances, if any, does a sample of...Ch. 15 - Explain why the addition of NH3 or HNO3 to a...Ch. 15 - Calculate the cadmium ion concentration, [Cd2+],...Ch. 15 - Explain why addition of NH3 or HNO3 to a saturated...Ch. 15 - Sometimes equilibria fur complex ions are...Ch. 15 - Using the value of the formation constant for the...Ch. 15 - Using the dissociation constant, Kd=7.81018,...Ch. 15 - Using the dissociation constant, Kd=3.41015,...Ch. 15 - Using the dissociation constant, Kd=2.21034,...Ch. 15 - Using the dissociation constant kd=1*10-44...Ch. 15 - Calculate the mass of potassium cyanide ion that...Ch. 15 - Calculate the minimum concentration of ammonia...Ch. 15 - A roll of 35-mm black and white photographic film...Ch. 15 - We have seen an introductory definition of an...Ch. 15 - Write the Lewis structures of the reactants and...Ch. 15 - Write the Lewis structures of the reactants and...Ch. 15 - Using Lewis structures, write balanced equations...Ch. 15 - Calculate [HgCl42-] in a solution prepared by...Ch. 15 - In a titration of cyanide ion, 28.72 mL of 0.0100...Ch. 15 - What are the concentrations of Ag+, CN-, and...Ch. 15 - In dilute aqueous solution HF acts as a weak acid....Ch. 15 - The simplest amino acid is glycine, H2NCH2CO2H....Ch. 15 - Boric acid, H3303, is not a Bronsted-Lowry acid...Ch. 15 - A saturated solution of a slightly soluble...Ch. 15 - Calculate the equilibrium concentration of Ni2+ in...Ch. 15 - Calculate the equilibrium concentration of Zn2+ in...Ch. 15 - Calculate the equilibrium concentration of Cu2+ in...Ch. 15 - Calculate the equilibrium concentration of Zn2+ in...Ch. 15 - Calculate the Fe3+ equilibrium concentration when...Ch. 15 - Calculate the CO2+ equilibrium concentration when...Ch. 15 - The equilibrium constant for the reaction...Ch. 15 - Calculate the molar solubility of Sn(OH)2 in a...Ch. 15 - Calculate the molar solubility of Al(OH)3 in a...Ch. 15 - What is the molar solubility of CaF2 in a 0.100-M...Ch. 15 - What is the molar solubility of BaSO4 in a 0.250-M...Ch. 15 - What is the molar solubility of Tl(OH)3 in a...Ch. 15 - What is the molar solubility of Pb(OH)2 in a...Ch. 15 - A solution of 0.075 M CoBr2 is saturated with...Ch. 15 - A 0.125-M solution of 0.075 Mn(NO3)2 is saturated...Ch. 15 - Calculate the molar solubility of BaF2 in a buffer...Ch. 15 - Calculate the molar solubility of CdCO3 in a...Ch. 15 - To a 0.10-M solution of Pb(NO3)2 is added enough...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentration of Cd2+ resulting from...Ch. 15 - Both AgCl and Agl dissolve in NH3.. (a) What mass...Ch. 15 - Calculate the volume of 1.50 M CH3CO2H required to...Ch. 15 - Even though Ca(OH)2 is an inexpensive base, its...Ch. 15 - What mass of NaCN must be added to 1 L of 0.010 M...Ch. 15 - Magnesium hydroxide and magnesium citrate function...Ch. 15 - The following question is taken from a Chemistry...Ch. 15 - Which of the following compounds, when dissolved...Ch. 15 - Which of the following compounds, when dissolved...Ch. 15 - What is the effect on the amount of solid Mg(OH)2...Ch. 15 - What is the effect on the amount of CaHPO4 that...Ch. 15 - Identify all chemical species present in an...Ch. 15 - A volume of 50 mL of 1.8 M NH3 is mixed with an...
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