
Concept explainers
PRACTICE PROBLEM 15.1
Show how loss of a proton can be represented using each of the three resonance structures for the arenium ion and show how each representation leads to the formation of a benzene ring with three alternating double bonds (i.e., six fully delocalized

Interpretation:
The loss of protons from three resonating structures of the areniumion, are to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Arrows present in the mechanism of the reaction indicate the electron transfer, starting from negatively charged species and ending at the positively charged species.
Electrophiles attract negatively charged species and nucleophiles attract positively charged species.
Answer to Problem 1PP
Solution: The loss of protons from the three resonating structures of the arenium ion are shown as follows:
Explanation of Solution
The resonating structures of the arenium ion, formed in the electrophilic substitution reaction of benzene, are shown below:
The removal of proton occurs from the carbon atom where the electrophile is attached and the bond pairs of electrons of
The removal of proton from (I) resonating structure is shown as follows:
The removal of proton from (II) resonating structure is shown as follows:
The removal of proton from (III) resonating structure is shown as follows:
The removal of protons from the arenium ion leads to the transfer of bond pairs to the benzene ring and the delocalization of these electrons on the ring occurs, to form the final product.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
Chemistry: The Central Science (14th Edition)
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Living By Chemistry: First Edition Textbook
- Part 9 of 9 Consider the products for the reaction. Identify the major and minor products. HO Cl The E stereoisomer is the major product and the Z stereoisomer is the minor product ▼ S major product minor productarrow_forwardConsider the reactants below. Answer the following questions about the reaction mechanism and products. HO Clarrow_forwardjulietteyep@gmail.com X YSCU Grades for Juliette L Turner: Orc X 199 A ALEKS - Juliette Turner - Modul X A ALEKS - Juliette Turner - Modul x G butane newman projection - Gox + www-awa.aleks.com/alekscgi/x/Isl.exe/10_u-IgNslkr7j8P3jH-IBxzaplnN4HsoQggFsejpgqKoyrQrB2dKVAN-BcZvcye0LYa6eXZ8d4vVr8Nc1GZqko5mtw-d1MkNcNzzwZsLf2Tu9_V817y?10Bw7QYjlb il Scribbr citation APA SCU email Student Portal | Main Ryker-Learning WCU-PHARM D MySCU YSCU Canvas- SCU Module 4: Homework (Ch 9-10) Question 28 of 30 (1 point) | Question Attempt: 1 of Unlimited H₂SO heat OH The mechanism of this reaction involves two carbocation intermediates, A and B. Part 1 of 2 KHSO 4 rearrangement A heat B H₂O 2 OH Draw the structure of A. Check Search #t m Save For Later Juliet Submit Assignm 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessarrow_forward
- The electrons flow from the electron-rich atoms of the nucleophile to the electrons poor atoms of the alkyl halide. Identify the electron rich in the nucleophile. Enter the element symbol only, do not include any changes.arrow_forwardHello, I am doing a court case analysis in my Analytical Chemistry course. The case is about a dog napping and my role is prosecution of the defendant. I am tasked in the Area of Expertise in Neutron Activation and Isotopic Analysis. Attached is the following case study reading of my area of expertise! The landscaping stone was not particularly distinctive in its decoration but matched both the color and pattern of the Fluential’s landscaping stone as well as the stone in the back of the recovered vehicle. Further analysis of the stone was done using a technique called instrumental neutron activation analysis. (Proceed to Neutron Activation data) Photo Notes: Landscaping stone recovered in vehicle. Stone at Fluential’s home is similar inappearance. Finally, the white paint on the brick was analyzed using stable isotope analysis. The brick recovered at the scene had smeared white paint on it. A couple of pieces of brick in the back of the car had white paint on them. They…arrow_forwardCite the stability criteria of an enamine..arrow_forward
- What would you expect to be the major product obtained from the following reaction? Please explain what is happening here. Provide a detailed explanation and a drawing showing how the reaction occurs. The correct answer to this question is V.arrow_forwardPlease answer the question for the reactions, thank youarrow_forwardWhat is the product of the following reaction? Please include a detailed explanation of what is happening in this question. Include a drawing showing how the reagent is reacting with the catalyst to produce the correct product. The correct answer is IV.arrow_forward
