(a)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the aldehyde can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In an aldehyde the counting has to be always from the carbonyl carbon that is given the number 1.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
(a)
Answer to Problem 15.21EP
The structural formula for 3-methylpentanal is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is 3-methylpentanal. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is pentane and it contains five carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given aldehyde, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, the substituent is a methyl group on third carbon atom. The first carbon atom has to be the carbonyl carbon atom as the given compound is an aldehyde.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given aldehyde is drawn.
(b)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given aldehyde has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the aldehyde can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In an aldehyde the counting has to be always from the carbonyl carbon that is given the number 1.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
(b)
Answer to Problem 15.21EP
The structural formula for 2-ethylhexanal is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is 2-ethylhexanal. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is hexane and it contains six carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given aldehyde, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, the substituent is an ethyl group on second carbon atom. The first carbon atom has to be the carbonyl carbon atom as the given compound is an aldehyde.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given aldehyde is drawn.
(c)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given aldehyde has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the aldehyde can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In an aldehyde the counting has to be always from the carbonyl carbon that is given the number 1.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
(c)
Answer to Problem 15.21EP
The structural formula for 2,2-dichloropropanal is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is 2,2-dichloropropanal. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is propane and it contains three carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given aldehyde, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, the substituents are two chlorine atoms on second carbon atom. The first carbon atom has to be the carbonyl carbon atom as the given compound is an aldehyde.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given aldehyde is drawn.
(d)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given aldehyde has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the aldehyde can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In an aldehyde the counting has to be always from the carbonyl carbon that is given the number 1.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
(d)
Answer to Problem 15.21EP
The structural formula for 4-hydroxy-2-methyloctanal is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is 4-hydroxy-2-methyloctanal. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is octane and it contains eight carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given aldehyde, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, the substituents are a methyl group on second carbon atom and a hydroxyl group on fourth carbon atom. The first carbon atom has to be the carbonyl carbon atom as the given compound is an aldehyde.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given aldehyde is drawn.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 15 Solutions
General, Organic, And Biological Chemistry, Hybrid (with Owlv2 Quick Prep For General Chemistry Printed Access Card)
- true or false The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 0.20. N2O4(g) ⇔ 2NO2(g) Based on the above, the equilibrium constant for the following reaction is 0.4. 2N2O4(g) ⇔ 4NO2(g)arrow_forwardtrue or false Using the following equilibrium, if heat is added the equilibrium will shift toward the reactants. N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇔ 2NH3(g) + heatarrow_forwardTrue or False Using the following equilibrium, if heat is added the equilibrium will shift toward the products. N2O4(g) + heat ⇔ 2NO2(g)arrow_forward
- true or false Using the following equilibrium, if solid carbon is added the equilibrium will shift toward the products. C(s) + CO2(g) ⇔ 2CO(g)arrow_forwardProvide the complete mechanism for the reaction below. You must include appropriate arrows,intermediates, and formal charges. Please also provide a reason to explain why the 1,4-adduct is preferred over the 1,3-adduct.arrow_forwardWhich of the following pairs are resonance structures of one another? I. III. || III IV + II. :0: n P !༠ IV. EN: Narrow_forward
- Predict the major organic product(s) and byproducts (either organic or inorganic) for thefollowing reactions.arrow_forwardA 8.25 g sample of aluminum at 55°C released 2500 J of heat. The specific heat of aluminum is 0.900 J/g°C. The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/mL. Calculate the final temperature of the aluminum sample in °C.arrow_forwardPredict the major organic product(s) and byproducts (either organic or inorganic) for thefollowing reactions.arrow_forward
- Predict the major organic product(s) and byproducts (either organic or inorganic) for thefollowing reaction.arrow_forwardplease helparrow_forwardExperiment 1 Data Table 1: Conservation of Mass - Initial Mass Data Table 1 Data Table 2 Data Table 3 Data Table 4 Panel 1 Photo 1 Data Table 5 Reaction Mass of test tube and 5.0% HC₂H₂O2 (g) # (A) (B) Mass of NaHCO, (g) Mass of balloon and NaHCO, (g) (C) 0.10 1 0829 14.38g 0.20 2 0.929 14.29g 0.35 1.00g 3 14.25g 0.50 1.14g 14.29 Experiment 1 Data Table 2: Moles of HC2H3O2 Reaction Volume of Mass of Moles of HC₂H₂O₂ 5.0% Vinegar (g) (ML) 5.0 0.25 0042 mol 2 5.0 0.25 0042 mol 3 5.0 0.25 0042 mol 5.0 0.25 0042 mol Experiment 1 Data Table 3: Moles of NaHCO3 Reaction Mass of NaHCO (g) 10g 20g 35g 50g Experiment 1 Data Table 4: Theoretical Yield of CO₂ Reaction # 1 2 3 Experiment 1 Total mass before reaction (g) (D=A+C) 15.29 15.21g 15.25g 15.349 Exercise 1 Data Table 1 Data Table 2 Data Table 3 Data Table 4 Panel 1 Photo 1 Data Table 5 Exercise 1- Data Table 1 Data Table 2 DataTable 3 Data Table 4 Panel 1 Photo 1 Data Table 5 Exercise 1- Moles of NaHCO 0012 mol 0025 mol 0044 mol 0062 mol…arrow_forward
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning