Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14.25, Problem 2MQ
How is hexane oxygenated during anoxic catabolism?
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 14.1 - What is the fundamental difference between an...Ch. 14.1 - What is the purpose of chlorophyll and...Ch. 14.1 - Why can phototrophic green bacteria grow at light...Ch. 14.1 - What are the functions of light-harvesting and...Ch. 14.2 - In which phototrophs are carotenoids found?...Ch. 14.2 - How does the structure of a phycobilin compare...Ch. 14.2 - Phycocyanin is blue-green. What color of light...Ch. 14.2 - What accessory pigments are present in...Ch. 14.3 - What parallels exist in the processes of...Ch. 14.3 - What is reverse electron flow and why is it...
Ch. 14.3 - What is the difference between cyclic and...Ch. 14.3 - What is reverse electron transport and why is it...Ch. 14.4 - Differentiate between cyclic and noncyclic...Ch. 14.4 - What is the key role of light energy in the...Ch. 14.4 - What evidence is there that anoxygenic and...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 14.5 - How much NADPH and ATP is required to make one...Ch. 14.5 - Contrast autotrophy in the following phototrophs:...Ch. 14.5 - QWhat is a carboxysome, and what is its role in...Ch. 14.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 14.6 - What is FeMo-co and what does it do?Ch. 14.6 - How is acetylene useful in studies of nitrogen...Ch. 14.6 - How might the ability to fix nitrogen help a...Ch. 14.7 - In a coupled reaction, how can you tell the...Ch. 14.7 - How does aerobic respiration differ from anaerobic...Ch. 14.7 - Describe the major differences between...Ch. 14.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14.8 - What enzyme is required for hydrogen bacteria to...Ch. 14.8 - Why is reverse electron flow unnecessary in H2...Ch. 14.8 - QWhich inorganic electron donors are used by the...Ch. 14.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 14.9 - In terms of intermediates, how does the Sox system...Ch. 14.9 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 14.10 - What is the function of rusticyanin and where is...Ch. 14.10 - How can Fe2+ be oxidized under anoxic conditions?Ch. 14.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14.11 - Prob. 1MQCh. 14.11 - Prob. 2MQCh. 14.11 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14.12 - What are the electron donor and acceptor in the...Ch. 14.12 - What does electron transport in anammox bacteria...Ch. 14.12 - Compare CO2 fixation in anammox bacteria and...Ch. 14.12 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14.13 - For Escherichia coli, why is more energy released...Ch. 14.13 - How do the products of NO3 reduction differ...Ch. 14.13 - Where is the dissimilative nitrate reductase found...Ch. 14.13 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14.14 - How is SO42 converted to SO32 during dissimilative...Ch. 14.14 - Contrast the growth of Desulfovibrio on H2 versus...Ch. 14.14 - Give an example of sulfur disproportionation.Ch. 14.14 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14.15 - Prob. 1MQCh. 14.15 - What is reductive dechlorination and why is it...Ch. 14.15 - How does anaerobic glucose catabolism differ in...Ch. 14.15 - Compare and contrast ferric iron reduction with...Ch. 14.16 - What is the purpose of CO dehydrogenase?Ch. 14.16 - If acetogens conserve energy using the Rnf...Ch. 14.16 - What is electron bifurcation and what role does it...Ch. 14.16 - Compare and contrast acetogens with methanogens in...Ch. 14.17 - Which coenzymes function as C1 carriers in...Ch. 14.17 - In methanogens growing on H2 + CO2, how is carbon...Ch. 14.17 - How is ATP made in methanogenesis when the...Ch. 14.17 - What are the major differences in the conservation...Ch. 14.18 - When using CH4 as electron donor, why is...Ch. 14.18 - In which two ways does the ribulose monophosphate...Ch. 14.18 - What is unique about methanotrophy in...Ch. 14.18 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14.19 - Why is H2 produced during many types of...Ch. 14.19 - Why is acetate formation in fermentation...Ch. 14.19 - Define the term substrate-level phosphorylation:...Ch. 14.20 - How can homo- and heterofermentative metabolism be...Ch. 14.20 - Butanediol production leads to greater ethanol...Ch. 14.20 - QWhat are the major fermentation products of...Ch. 14.21 - Compare the mechanisms for energy conservation in...Ch. 14.21 - What type of substrates are fermented by...Ch. 14.21 - What are the substrates for the Clostridium...Ch. 14.21 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14.22 - Why does Propionigenium modestum require sodium...Ch. 14.22 - Of what benefit is the organism Oxalobacter to...Ch. 14.22 - Prob. 3MQCh. 14.22 - Give an example of a fermentation that does not...Ch. 14.23 - Give an example of interspecies H2 transfer. Why...Ch. 14.23 - Why can a pure culture of Syntrophomonas grow on...Ch. 14.23 - Why is syntrophy also called interspecies H2...Ch. 14.24 - How do monooxygenases differ in function from...Ch. 14.24 - What is the final product of catabolism of a...Ch. 14.24 - Prob. 3MQCh. 14.24 - How do monooxygenases differ from dioxygenases in...Ch. 14.25 - What is the benzoyl-CoA pathway, and how might it...Ch. 14.25 - How is hexane oxygenated during anoxic catabolism?Ch. 14.25 - Prob. 1CRCh. 14 - The growth rate of the phototrophic purple...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2AQCh. 14 - A fatty acid such as butyrate cannot be fermented...Ch. 14 - When methane is made from CO2 (plus H2) or from...
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- Please indentify the unknown organismarrow_forward5G JA ATTC 3 3 CTIA A1G5 5 GAAT I I3 3 CTIA AA5 Fig. 5-3: The Eco restriction site (left) would be cleaved at the locations indicated by the arrows. However, a SNP in the position shown in gray (right) would prevent cleavage at this site by EcoRI One of the SNPs in B. rapa is found within the Park14 locus and can be detected by RFLP analysis. The CT polymorphism is found in the intron of the Bra013780 gene found on Chromosome 1. The Park14 allele with the "C" in the SNP has two EcoRI sites and thus is cleaved twice by EcoRI If there is a "T" in that SNP, one of the EcoRI sites is altered, so the Park14 allele with the T in the SNP has only one EcoRI site (Fig. 5-3). Park14 allele with SNP(C) Park14 allele with SNPT) 839 EcoRI 1101 EcoRI 839 EcoRI Fig. 5.4: Schematic restriction maps of the two different Park14 alleles (1316 bp long) of B. rapa. Where on these maps is the CT SNP located? 90 The primers used to amplify the DNA at the Park14 locus (see Fig. 5 and Table 3 of Slankster et…arrow_forwardFrom your previous experiment, you found that this enhancer activates stripe 2 of eve expression. When you sequence this enhancer you find several binding sites for the gap gene, Giant. To test how Giant interacts with eve, you decide to remove all of the Giant binding sites from the eve enhancer. What results do you expect to see with respect to eve expression?arrow_forward
- What experiment could you do to see if the maternal gene, bicoid, is sufficient to form anterior fates?arrow_forwardYou’re curious about the effect that gap genes have on the pair-rule gene, evenskipped (eve), so you isolate and sequence each of the eve enhancers. You’re particularly interested in one of the enhancers, which is just upstream of the eve gene. Describe an experimental technique you would use to find out where this particular eve enhancer is active.arrow_forwardFor short answer questions, write your answers on the line provided. To the right is the mRNA codon table to use as needed throughout the exam. First letter U บบบ U CA UUCPhe UUA UCU Phe UCC UUG Leu CUU UAU. G U UAC TV UGCys UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp Ser UCA UCG CCU] 0 CUC CUA CCC CAC CAU His CGU CGC Leu Pro CCA CAA Gin CGA Arg CUG CCG CAG CGG AUU ACU AAU T AUC lle A 1 ACC Thr AUA ACA AUG Mot ACG AGG Arg GUU GCU GUC GCC G Val Ala GAC Asp GGU GGC GUA GUG GCA GCG GAA GGA Gly Glu GAGJ GGG AACASH AGU Ser AAA1 AAG Lys GAU AGA CAL CALUCAO CAO G Third letter 1. (+7) Use the table below to answer the questions; use the codon table above to assist you. The promoter sequence of DNA is on the LEFT. You do not need to fill in the entire table. Assume we are in the middle of a gene sequence (no need to find a start codon). DNA 1 DNA 2 mRNA tRNA Polypeptide C Val G C. T A C a. On which strand of DNA is the template strand (DNA 1 or 2)?_ b. On which side of the mRNA is the 5' end (left or…arrow_forward
- 3. (6 pts) Fill in the boxes according to the directions on the right. Structure R-C R-COOH OH R-OH i R-CO-R' R R-PO4 R-CH3 C. 0 R' R-O-P-OH 1 OH H R-C-H R-N' I- H H R-NH₂ \H Name Propertiesarrow_forward4. (6 pts) Use the molecule below to answer these questions and identify the side chains and ends. Please use tidy boxes to indicate parts and write the letter labels within that box. a. How many monomer subunits are shown? b. Box a Polar but non-ionizable side chain and label P c. Box a Basic Polar side chain and label BP d. Box the carboxyl group at the end of the polypeptide and label with letter C (C-terminus) H H OHHO H H 0 HHO H-N-CC-N-C-C N-C-C-N-GC-OH I H-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 H3C-C+H CH2 CH2 OH CH CH₂ C=O OH CH2 NH2arrow_forwardplease answer (A,B,C,D,E) questions with the asnwer choice provided below. thank you!arrow_forward
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