Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 3DAA
Summary Introduction
To explain: How skin color of indigenous people correlate with the amount of UV radiation incident in their native regions.
Introduction: Different parts of earth have variable exposure to UV radiations. The reflectance index is a measure of amount of light energy especially UV radiations absorbed by body per area unit. Melanosomes in skin synthesize melanin pigment and account for the human skin color. More melanin pigment provides protection against UV radiations and reflects less light.
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Please answer number 4
Human Skin Color: Evidence for Selection
Name:
Jayden Bodisto
Make observations of the Figure below. Then complete the portion below.
Erythemal UV index
80
0
09-
KNMI/ESA
-120
0
-120
2
4
-60
6
8
10
60
Clear-sky
24 September 2015
120
10
60
12
14
120
16
-60
18
Figure 1. Ultraviolet Radiation Index Across the World. The colors on this map of the world represent
Ultraviolet (UV) Index values on a particular day in September 2015. The UV Index is a standardized scale of UV
radiation intensity running from 0 (least intense) to 18 (most intense). The y-axis values are degrees of latitude,
which range from the equator (0°) to the poles (90° north and -90° south). The x-axis values are degrees of
longitude, which range from the prime meridian (0°) to the antimeridian (180° east and -180° west). (Source:
European Space Agency, http://www.temis.nl/uvradiation/UVindex.html.)
The Driving Question: What is the relationship between UV radiation and skin color?
What do I see?
List specific things you…
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14 - Constructing a pedigree is particularly useful...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2SQCh. 14 - Prob. 3SQCh. 14 - Prob. 4SQCh. 14 - Prob. 5SQCh. 14 - A trait that is present in a male child but not in...Ch. 14 - Color blindness is a case of ______ inheritance....Ch. 14 - A female child inherits one X chromosome from her...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1DAACh. 14 - Prob. 2DAA
Ch. 14 - Prob. 3DAACh. 14 - Prob. 9SQCh. 14 - Expression of the SRY gene on the Y chromosome...Ch. 14 - Prob. 11SQCh. 14 - Prob. 12SQCh. 14 - Prob. 13SQCh. 14 - Prob. 14SQCh. 14 - Match the chromosome terms appropriately. ____...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1GPCh. 14 - Does the phenotype indicated by the red circles...Ch. 14 - Human females have two X chromosomes (XX); males...Ch. 14 - A mutated allele responsible for Marfan syndrome...Ch. 14 - The somatic cells of most individuals with Down...Ch. 14 - Mutations in the genes for clotting factor VIII...
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- Can you help me on this two problemsarrow_forward600 90°N 60°N 500 30°N 0° 400 Insolation 300 (Wm²2) 200 100 J'F MA MJJA s'o'N`D Month The skin tone of a native population living at 60°N would most likely be dark to increase production of Vitamin D. dark to protect DNA and folate. light to increase production of vitamin D. light to protect DNA and folate. --March Equinox- - June Solstice- -September Equinox- || December Solstice-arrow_forwardPhenotypes Genotypes Class Percentages 1. Dark eyes, light eyes A-), aa 88 12 2. Mid-digital hair, lacking B- (bb 50 50 24 3. Dark hair, light hair G CC 4. Non-red hair, red hair dd 76 33 39 24 D- 24 47 26 5. Widow's peak, smoothhairline 6. Curly, wavy, straight hair 7. Dimples present, absent 8. Freckles present, aþsent E- FF Ff (ff), 35 G- gg H- hh 47 53 Long, medium, short head 10. Earlobes free, attached II li i J- i) 50 50 11. Roman nose, straightnose K- kk 24 76 12. Straight thumb, hitchhiker's thumb 35 65 13. RTC taster, non-taster M- mm 62 59 N nn 38 14. Toe longer, toe shorter 15. Eyebrows bushy, eyebrows fine 16. Right(handed, left-handed 41 94 62 P- épP) R rr 17. Short, tal) S- (S 38 18. Thick lips, th(n lips T- (tt 56 竹 19. Tongye roHing, not rolling 20. Normal vision, red-green color blind XN- X"X" X"Y 82 uuarrow_forward
- What factors caused the correlation between the reduction in skin pigmentation in humans and migration of human populations away from the equator? The exposure of human populations to predators only common to the polar regions caused them to adapt by camouflaging better with the environment. The exposure of human populations to less UV light required a reduction in melanin to produce more vitamin D for healthier bones. The exposure of human populations to new sources of food common to the polar regions caused changes in physiology that resulted in the production of less melanin. The exposure of human populations to new diseases common to the polar regions interferred with melanin production causing lighter skin.arrow_forward???arrow_forwardYou will now look at another figure that has to do with skin color. One way to measure skin color is by skin reflectance. Scientists can shine visible light on a portion of skin (typically the inside of the arm) and then measure how much light is reflected back. Dark skin reflects less visible light than does light skin. The lower the reflectance value, therefore, the darker the skin. Figure 2. Relationship between Skin Reflectance and Latitude. This figure shows how skin reflectance changes with latitude. Negative latitudes are south of the equator (located at 0°), and positive latitudes are north of the equator. Available reflectance data from multiple sources were combined to form this graph. All combined data were obtained using a reflectometer with an output of 680 nanometers (i.e., a wavelength of visible light) and placed on the subjects’ upper or lower inner arms. (Source: Panel B of Figure 2 in Barsh(2003). Graph originally captioned as “Summary of 102 skin reflectance…arrow_forward
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