Principles of Economics 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172364
Author: Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 27RQ
Describe how the earnings gap between men and women has evolved in recent decades.
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Describe how the earnings gap between men and women has evolved in recent decades.
"Discuss the Implications of Employer Discrimination for the Hiring Decisions of the Firm."
The U.S. Bureau of the Census reported that, on average, white men earn $50, 945, whereas white women earn $31,008.
Economic discrimination explains at least some of this wage gap, but economists think that there are other factors that also
contibute to wage gaps.
Which factor is not an explanation offered by economists for these types of wage gaps?
Various groups
in the population graduate from college at varying rates. Differences in earnings can be explained in part
by differences in educational attainment.
Men and women take different types of jobs. Men are more likely to prioritze jobs with higher wages, and women are
more likely to prioritize jobs with other desirable characteristics.
On average, men and women have different amounts of experience in their jobs. Ceteris paribus, men are less likely to
temporarily leave the workforce and, therefore, have more experience than women.
There are innate differences between men and women that make men more productive than women. Because…
Chapter 14 Solutions
Principles of Economics 2e
Ch. 14 - Table 14.10 shows levels of employment (Labor),...Ch. 14 - Table 14.11 shows levels of employment (Labor),...Ch. 14 - Table 14.12 shows the quantity demanded and...Ch. 14 - Do unions typically oppose new technology out of a...Ch. 14 - Compared with the share of workers in most other...Ch. 14 - Are firms with a high percentage of union...Ch. 14 - D0 countries with a higher percentage of unionized...Ch. 14 - Table 14.13 shows information from the supply...Ch. 14 - Explain i11each of the following situations how...Ch. 14 - Does the earnings gap between the average wages of...
Ch. 14 - If immigration is reduced, what is the impact on...Ch. 14 - What determines the demand for labor for a firm...Ch. 14 - What determines the demand for labor for a firm...Ch. 14 - What is a perfectly competitive labor market?Ch. 14 - What is a labor union?Ch. 14 - Why do employers have a natural advantage in...Ch. 14 - What are some of the most important laws that...Ch. 14 - How does the presence of a labor union change...Ch. 14 - What is the long-term trend in American union...Ch. 14 - Would you expect the presence of labor unions to...Ch. 14 - What are the main causes for the recent [tends in...Ch. 14 - What is a monopsony?Ch. 14 - What is the marginal cost of labor?Ch. 14 - How does monopsony affect the equilibrium wage and...Ch. 14 - What is a bilateral monopoly?Ch. 14 - How does a bilateral monopoly affect the...Ch. 14 - Describe how the earnings gap between men and...Ch. 14 - Describe how the earnings gap between blacks and...Ch. 14 - Does a gap between the average earnings of men and...Ch. 14 - Will a free market tend to encourage or discourage...Ch. 14 - What policies, when used together with...Ch. 14 - Describe how affirmative action is applied in the...Ch. 14 - What factors can explain the relatively small...Ch. 14 - Have levels of immigration to the United States...Ch. 14 - How would you expect immigration by primarily...Ch. 14 - What is the marginal cost of labor for a firm that...Ch. 14 - Given the decline in union membership over the...Ch. 14 - Are unions and technological improvements...Ch. 14 - Will union membership continue to decline? Why or...Ch. 14 - If it is not profitable to discriminate, why does...Ch. 14 - If a company has discriminated against minorities...Ch. 14 - If the United States allows a greater quantity of...Ch. 14 - If all countries eliminated all barriers to...
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Similar questions
- Describe how the earnings gap between blacks and whites has evolved in recent decades.arrow_forwardConsider discrimination in employment. Suppose dark-haired employees don't like working with blonde employees. Could this discrimination explain lower wages for blond employees? If such a pay differential existed, what would an entrepreneur who wants to maximize profits do? If there were many entrepreneurs with the same strategy, what would happen over time?arrow_forwardFor each of the scenarios in the following table, indicate the most likely reason for the difference in earnings. Differences in Human Capital Scenario Major league hockey goalies earn more than minor league hockey goalies. Two automotive technicians have the same amount of schooling and work experience, but earn different wages. The first works the day shift for an auto manufacturer factory for an annual wage of $54,000 per year, and the second works the night shift for the same company for an annual wage of $60,000 per year. Research done in the United States, based on U.S. Census data, finds that -during an adult's working life-high school graduates earn an average of $1.2 million, associate's degree holders earn about $1.6 million, and bachelor's degree holders earn about $2.1 million. Compensating Differential Differences in Ability Labor Unions O Oarrow_forward
- Discuss how upward-sloping age-earnings profiles can elicit more effort from workers.arrow_forwardDoes a gap between the average earnings of men and women, or between whites and blacks, prove that employers are discriminating in the labor market? Explain briefly.arrow_forwardExplain and discuss the significance of the Efficiency Wage Theory and how it may result in discrimination in the workplace.arrow_forward
- Most studies indicate that women earn 82% of what men earn. Does this necessarily reflect discrimination or might there be other factors that could explain the difference? Be specific about what those factors are if any.arrow_forwardAn example of a policy that combats discrimination is: Equal employment opportunity legislation Affirmative action legislation Equal pay legislation Pay equity or equal value legislation All of the abovearrow_forwardSuppose there are two occupations: nurses and doctors. Draw hypothetical supply and demand graphs for male and female workers to both occupations assuming that some of each prefers each job. Now, assume that medical school admissions officers assume that women are unqualified to be doctors so all women find work as nurses. Show the effects of discrimination on your graph.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is a compensating wage differential ? Extensive physical effort Stressful work environment Unattractive hours of work Smoke All of the abovearrow_forwardHow can an upward-sloping labor supply curve for an individual employer become horizontal? What are the effects of such a change on wage and employment levels of that firm?arrow_forwardDetermine which of the three principle sources of wage differentials is most likely to account for each scenario. * A licensed physician earns more than a nurse: differences in total human capital compensating differentials differences in talent or ability * City sanitation workers earn more than park maintenance workers: compensating differentials differences in talent or ability differences in total human capital * Physical therapists earn more than massage therapists. differences in talent or ability compensating differentials differences in total human capital * Jack, a 22-year-old soccer player, earns more than Jim, who is the same age and has the same level of experience. compensating differentials differences in total human capital differences in talent or abilityarrow_forward
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