Chapter 14, Problem 14.82QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of methyl o-bromobenzoate with aqueous acid and heat has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Hydrolysis of Ester:

The reaction in which a bond is broken by the addition of water molecule is called as hydrolysis.

Acid hydrolysis of ester:

Hydrolysis of esters yields the carboxylic acid and an alcohol.  The heat is required to initiate the reaction and a small amount of acid ${\text{(H}}^{\text{+}}\text{)}$ is added as catalyst.

The general reaction of ester hydrolysis is shown below,

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction of methyl o-bromobenzoate with aqueous base and heat has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Hydrolysis of Ester:

The reaction in which a bond is broken by the addition of water molecule is called as hydrolysis.

Base hydrolysis of ester:

Hydrolysis of an ester could also be catalyzed by the presence of a strong base.  The base-catalyzed hydrolysis of an ester is called as saponification.

The general reaction of base-catalyzed hydrolysis is shown below,

In case of base-catalyzed hydrolysis of an ester, the carboxylic acid does not exist.  The reaction results in the formation of salt of carboxylic acid containing the cation of the base catalyst.