ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259977596
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 14, Problem 14.32P
A compound of molecular formula
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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition
Consider the following equilibrium:
2NH3 (g) = N2 (g) +3H₂
—N2 (g) AGº = 34. kJ
Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.19 atm of ammonia (NH3) and 9.94 atm of nitrogen (N2) at 378. °C. Answer the following questions about this
system:
rise
Under these conditions, will the pressure of NH 3 tend to rise or fall?
☐ x10
fall
Х
Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding H₂?
In other words, if you said the pressure of NH 3 will tend to rise, can that
be changed to a tendency to fall by adding H₂? Similarly, if you said the
pressure of NH3 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to
rise by adding H₂?
If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate
the minimum pressure of H₂ needed to reverse it.
Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
yes
no
atm
00.
18
Ar
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?
Identifying the major species in weak acid or weak base equilibria
The preparations of two aqueous solutions are described in the table below. For each solution, write the chemical formulas of the major species present at
equilibrium. You can leave out water itself.
Write the chemical formulas of the species that will act as acids in the 'acids' row, the formulas of the species that will act as bases in the 'bases' row, and the
formulas of the species that will act as neither acids nor bases in the 'other' row.
You will find it useful to keep in mind that HF is a weak acid.
2.2 mol of NaOH is added to
1.0 L of a 1.4M HF
solution.
acids:
П
bases:
Х
other: ☐
ப
acids:
0.51 mol of KOH is added to
1.0 L of a solution that is
bases:
1.3M in both HF and NaF.
other: ☐
00.
18
Ar
Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition
Consider the following equilibrium:
N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g)
AG⁰ = 5.4 kJ
Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 1.68 atm of dinitrogen tetroxide (N204) at 148. °C. Answer the following questions about this system:
rise
Under these conditions, will the pressure of N2O4 tend to rise or fall?
x10
fall
Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO2?
In other words, if you said the pressure of N2O4 will tend to rise, can that
be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO2? Similarly, if you said the
pressure of N2O4 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to
rise by adding NO2?
If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate
the minimum pressure of NO 2 needed to reverse it.
Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
yes
no
0.42 atm
☑
5
0/5
?
مله
Ar
Chapter 14 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Ch. 14 - Problem 14.1 The NMR spectrum of recorded on a ...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.2PCh. 14 - How many NMR signals does each compound show?
a....Ch. 14 - How many 1H NMR signals does each...Ch. 14 - How many 1H NMR signals does each compound give?...Ch. 14 - Label the protons in each highlighted CH2 group as...Ch. 14 - How many 1H NMR signals would you expect for each...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.8PCh. 14 - For each compound, first label each different type...Ch. 14 - Label each statement as True or False. a. When a...
Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.11PCh. 14 - Problem 14.12 Which compound give a NMR spectrum...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.13PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.14PCh. 14 - For each compound give the number of 1H NMR...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.16PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.17PCh. 14 - Problem 14.18 Describe the NMR spectrum of each...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.19 Draw a splitting diagram for in ,...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.20 Identify A and B, isomers of...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.21 How many signals are present in the ...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.22 What protons in alcohol A give rise...Ch. 14 - How many peaks are observed in the NMR signal for...Ch. 14 -
Problem 14.24 Propose a structure for a compound...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.25 Propose a structure for a compound...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.26. Identify products A and B from the...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.27 How many lines are observed in the ...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.28 Draw all constitutional isomers of...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.29 Esters of chrysanthemic acid are...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.30PCh. 14 - Problem 14.31 Identify the carbon atoms that give...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.32 A compound of molecular formula ...Ch. 14 - Problem 14.33 Draw the structure of a compound of...Ch. 14 - 14.34 (a) How many NMR signals does each of the...Ch. 14 - 14.35 (a) How many NMR signals does each compound...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.36PCh. 14 - 14.37 How many NMR signals does each natural...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.38PCh. 14 - 14.39 What effect does increasing the operating...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.40PCh. 14 - 14.41 How could you use chemical shift and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.42PCh. 14 - 14.43 How can you use NMR spectroscopy to...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.44PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.45PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.46PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.47PCh. 14 - 14.48 How many NMR signals does each compound...Ch. 14 - 14.49 Rank the highlighted carbon atoms in each...Ch. 14 - 14.50 Identify the carbon atoms that give rise to...Ch. 14 - 14.51 a. How many signals does dimethyl...Ch. 14 - 14.52 Answer the following questions about each of...Ch. 14 - 14.53 Propose a structure consistent with each set...Ch. 14 - 14.54 Identify the structures of isomers A and B...Ch. 14 - 14.55 Reaction of with affords compound W,...Ch. 14 - 14.56 Treatment of with , followed by aqueous
...Ch. 14 - 14.57 Compound C has a molecular ion in its mass...Ch. 14 - 14.58 As we will learn in Chapter 20, reaction of ...Ch. 14 - 14.59 Identify the structures of isomers E and F...Ch. 14 - 14.59 Identify the structures of isomers H and I...Ch. 14 - 14.61 Propose a structure consistent with each set...Ch. 14 - 14.62 Reaction of with , followed by treatment...Ch. 14 - Reaction of aldehyde D with amino alcohol E in the...Ch. 14 - 14.64 Propose a structure consistent with each set...Ch. 14 - 14.65 In the presence of a small amount of acid, a...Ch. 14 - 14.66 Treatment of with affords two products (M...Ch. 14 - 14.67 Compound O has molecular formula and shows...Ch. 14 - 14.68 Compound P has molecular formula . Deduce...Ch. 14 - 14.69 Treatment of with strong base followed by ...Ch. 14 - 14.70 When -bromo--dimethylbutane is treated with...Ch. 14 - 14.71 Propose a structure consistent with each set...Ch. 14 - 14.72 Reaction of unknown A with forms...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.73PCh. 14 - 14.74 -Annulene shows two signals in its ...Ch. 14 - 14.75 Explain why the spectrum of-methylbutan--ol...Ch. 14 - 14.76 Because has an odd mass number, nuclei...Ch. 14 - 14.77 Cyclohex--enone has two protons on its...
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