Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The compound ethylene glycol is either dissolves in gasoline or not has to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
Like dissolves like principle: ‘Like dissolves like’ principle says that polar compounds including ionic compound should be more soluble in polar solvent. Likewise, non–polar compound should be more soluble in non–polar solvent.
Polar molecule: Polar molecules have large dipole moments.
Non-Polar molecules: Non-polar molecules have bonded atoms with similar electronegativity results to have zero dipole moments.
Solubility is the quantity of solute (solid, liquid or gas) that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent (solid, liquid or gas) at definite temperature and pressure. Solubility depends on the physical and chemical property of solvent, solute and concentration of the solution.
(b)
Interpretation:
The molecular iodine is either dissolves in Carbon tetrachloride or not has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: Refer part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
Motor oil is either dissolves in Carbon tetrachloride or not has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: Refer part (a).
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 13 Solutions
OWLV2 FOR MOORE/STANITSKI'S CHEMISTRY:
- Fluoridation of city water supplies has been practiced in the United States for several decades. It is done by continuously adding sodium fluoride to water as it comes from a reservoir. Assume you live in a medium-sized city of 150,000 people and that 660 L (170 gal) of water is used per person per day. What mass of sodium fluoride (in kilograms) must be added to the water supply each year (365 days) to have the required fluoride concentration of 1 ppm (part per million)that is, 1 kilogram of fluoride per 1 million kilograms of water? (Sodium fluoride is 45.0% fluoride, and water has a density of 1.00 g/cm3.)arrow_forwardSimple acids such as formic acid, HCOOH, and acetic acid, CH3COOH, are very soluble in water; however, fatty acids such as stearic acid, CH3(CH2)16COOH, and palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH, are water-insoluble. Based on what you know about the solubility of alcohols, explain the solubility of these organic acids.arrow_forwardAssume that a sample of hard water contains 50. mg/L of Mg2+ and 150 mg/L of Ca2+, with HCO3 as the accompanying anion. What mass of CaO should be added to 1.0 L of this aqueous solution to precipitate all the Mg2+ and Ca2+ as CaCO3 and MgCO3? What is the total mass of the two solids formed?arrow_forward
- Whilst investigating the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, a student collected the gases released and passed them through limewater. Describe the change in the appearance of the limewater and explain why this happens.arrow_forwardWrite the dissolution equation showing how solid lithium carbonate breaks up into ions in water; it is a weak electrolytearrow_forwardThe solubility of barium chlorite at 20.0 ℃ is 45.4 g/100 mL. From this information, calculate the molar concentration of a saturated solution of barium chlorite. (Do not show your work in the space provided; record only your final answer with the correct number of significant digits and the proper units.) The following evidence was obtained from an experiment to determine the molar concentration of a sodium nitrate solution. A sample of sodium nitrate solution was evaporated to dryness and the mass of solid residue was measured.Evidence:Volume of solution = 10.00 mLMass of beaker = 79.54 gMass of beaker and residue = 83.25 gFrom this data, calculate the molar concentration of the original sodium nitrate solution.(Do not show your work in the space provided; record only your final answer with the correct number of significant digits and the proper units.)arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements concerning the solubility of a solute is/are correct? (1) The solubility of a gas in a liquid increases with increasing temperature. (2) The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. (3) The solubility of a gas in a liquid is inversely proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. 1 and 3 O2 and 3 O 1 and 2 O 1 only O2 onlyarrow_forwardAt 2.0 atm 54 g of acetylene, C 2 H 2 , dissolves in 1 L of acetone. If the partial pressure of acetylene is increased to 12 atm, what is its solubility in acetone?arrow_forwardSolutions of hydrogen in palladium may be formed by exposing Pd metal to H₂ gas. The concentration of hydrogen in the palladium depends on the pressure of H₂ gas applied, but in a more complex fashion than can be described by Henry's law. Under certain conditions, 0.56 g of hydrogen gas is dissolved in 197 g of palladium metal. (The density of the resulting solution is 11.7 g/cm³.) (a) Determine the molarity of this solution.arrow_forward
- Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is very soluble in water, 383 g/L at room temperature, and has a standard enthalpy of solution (dissolving) = +14.7 kJ/mol. If you had a saturated aqueous solution of NH4Cl, which of the following acts would increase the NH4Cl solubility? Group of answer choices cooling the solution adding NaCl(aq) to the solution adding KOH(aq) to the solution adding HBr(aq) to the solutionarrow_forwardWhy does the molarity of NaOH usually have to be standardized? When preparing the aqueous NaOH, the exact volume of the NaOH used cannot be measured due to water being hygroscopic. Solid NaOH can react with acid very easily and therefore the initial mass of the base may not be exact. When dissolving the solid NaOH in pure distilled water, the exact volume of the NaOH used cannot be measured due to buret calibration. Solid NaOH can react with water in the air very easily and therefore the initial mass of the base may not be exact.arrow_forwardPretend that you are conducting this experiment in the laboratory and answer the following questions. You are asked to weigh 2 g of lithium and add it to 1500 ml of distilled water +2 drops of indicator, knowing that the density of water is 1 at room temperature while conducting this experiment. After knowing the amount of LiOH, you need to dilute to prepare 0.025 M of LiOH in a 3000 ml(v) solution. Show your calculation and units.Knowing that the initial volume that you used was 1500 ml(v). Use this equation to calculate ( CLiOH x VLiOH) before dilution = (CLiOH x VLiOH) after dilutionarrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
- EBK A SMALL SCALE APPROACH TO ORGANIC LChemistryISBN:9781305446021Author:LampmanPublisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT