Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781285199030
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 13, Problem 25QAP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The concept of absolute zero temperature should be explained.
Concept Introduction:
The absolute zero temperature is the theoretical temperature at which the volume of ideal gas is considered to be zero. It was introduced by Charles to explain the relation between volume and temperature at constant pressure.
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Experiments carried out by French chemists Jacques Alexandre César Charles
and Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac and British physicist Lord Kelvin determined a
quantitative relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas. Their
data showed that for a container of gas held at constant pressure, the volume
and temperature are directly proportional.
For example, if you inflate a balloon outdoors with cold air on a cold day and
then take it inside, it will expand, and it might even burst. This happens because
as the temperature of the air inside the balloon increases, the volume of the
balloon increases as well. What is less obvious is the quantitative relation: If the
pressure is held constant, then when the temperature is doubled, the volume is
doubled as well.
Part A
According to Charles's law, for a fixed quantity of gas at constant pressure, which of the given quantities is constant?
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OF
O VXT
O V +T
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Part B
A balloon was filled to a volume of 2.50 L when…
Exhaled air contains 16% oxygen by volume. Assuming you exhale like the average person does during strenuous exercise (that is, you exhale about 1L of air per breath and you exhale 40 breaths per minute) and assuming the dive will take 90 minutes, what volume of oxygen will you end up exhaling?
1) A balloon filled with helium gas has a volume of 744 mL at a pressure of 1 atm. The balloon is released and reaches an altitude of 6.5 km, where the pressure is 0.5 atm. Assuming that the temperature has remained the same, what volume does the gas occupy at this height? Answer in units of mL.
2) A lungful of air (337 cm3 ) is exhaled into a machine that measures lung capacity. If the air is exhaled from the lungs at a pressure of 1.88 atm at 42.1 ◦C but the machine is at ambient conditions of 0.958 atm and 23 ◦C, what is the volume of air measured by the machine? Answer in units of cm3 .
Chapter 13 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 13.1SCCh. 13.2 - Prob. 13.2SCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 1CTCh. 13.3 - trong>Exercise 13.3 A child blows a bubble that...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 13.4SCCh. 13.5 - trong>Exercise 13.5 A weather balloon contains...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 13.6SCCh. 13.5 - Prob. 13.7SCCh. 13.5 - trong>Exercise 13.8 A sample of argon gas with a...Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 13.9SC
Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 13.10SCCh. 13.8 - Prob. 1CTCh. 13.10 - trong>Exercise 13.11 Calculate the volume of...Ch. 13.10 - at if STP was defined as normal room temperature...Ch. 13.10 - Prob. 13.12SCCh. 13 - Prob. 1ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 2ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 3ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 4ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 5ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 6ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 7ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 8ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 9ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 10ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 11ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 12ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 13ALQCh. 13 - Draw molecular—level views than show the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 15ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 16ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 17ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 18ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 19ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 20ALQCh. 13 - You are holding two balloons of the same volume....Ch. 13 - Prob. 22ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 23ALQCh. 13 - The introduction to this chapter says that "we...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 5QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 6QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 8QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 10QAPCh. 13 - Make the indicated pressure conversions....Ch. 13 - Prob. 12QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 14QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 15QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 16QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 17QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 18QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 19QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 20QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 21QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 22QAPCh. 13 - 3. A sample of helium gas with a volume of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 25QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 26QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 27QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 28QAPCh. 13 - A sample of gas in a balloon has an initial...Ch. 13 - Suppose a 375mLsample of neon gas at 78Cis cooled...Ch. 13 - For each of the following sets of...Ch. 13 - For each of the following sets of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 33QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 34QAPCh. 13 - Suppose 1.25Lof argon is cooled from 291Kto 78K....Ch. 13 - Suppose a 125mLsample of argon is cooled from...Ch. 13 - Prob. 37QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 38QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 39QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 40QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 41QAPCh. 13 - If :math>1.04gof chlorine gas occupies a volume of...Ch. 13 - If 3.25moles of argon gas occupies a volume of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 44QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 45QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 46QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 47QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 48QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 49QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 50QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 51QAPCh. 13 - Determine the pressure in a 125Ltank containing...Ch. 13 - Prob. 53QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 54QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 55QAPCh. 13 - Suppose that a 1.25gsample of neon gas is confined...Ch. 13 - At what temperature will a 1.0gsample of neon gas...Ch. 13 - Prob. 58QAPCh. 13 - What pressure exists in a 200Ltank containing...Ch. 13 - Prob. 60QAPCh. 13 - Suppose a 24.3mLsample of helium gas at 25Cand...Ch. 13 - Prob. 62QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 63QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 64QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 65QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 66QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 67QAPCh. 13 - Suppose than 1.28gof neon gas and 2.49gof argon...Ch. 13 - A tank contains a mixture of 52.5gof oxygen gas...Ch. 13 - What mass of new gas would but required to fill a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 71QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 72QAPCh. 13 - A 500mLsample of O2gas at 24Cwas prepared by...Ch. 13 - Prob. 74QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 75QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 76QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 77QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 78QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 79QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 80QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 81QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 82QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 83QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 84QAPCh. 13 - Calcium oxide can be used to “scrub" carbon...Ch. 13 - Consider the following reaction:...Ch. 13 - Consider the following reaction for the combustion...Ch. 13 - Although we: generally think of combustion...Ch. 13 - m>89. Ammonia and gaseous hydrogen chloride...Ch. 13 - Calcium carbide, CaC2, reacts with water to...Ch. 13 - Prob. 91QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 92QAPCh. 13 - What volume does a mixture of 14.2gof He and...Ch. 13 - Prob. 94QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 95QAPCh. 13 - The volume of a gas-filled balloon is 50.0 L at...Ch. 13 - Prob. 97QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 98QAPCh. 13 - Consider the following unbalanced chemical...Ch. 13 - Prob. 100QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 101QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 102QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 103APCh. 13 - Prob. 104APCh. 13 - Prob. 105APCh. 13 - onsider the flasks in the following diagrams. mg...Ch. 13 - Prob. 107APCh. 13 - helium tank contains 25.2Lof helium m 8.40atm...Ch. 13 - Prob. 109APCh. 13 - Prob. 110APCh. 13 - Prob. 111APCh. 13 - Prob. 112APCh. 13 - Prob. 113APCh. 13 - Prob. 114APCh. 13 - Prob. 115APCh. 13 - Prob. 116APCh. 13 - Prob. 117APCh. 13 - Prob. 118APCh. 13 - Prob. 119APCh. 13 - Prob. 120APCh. 13 - Prob. 121APCh. 13 - Prob. 122APCh. 13 - Prob. 123APCh. 13 - Prob. 124APCh. 13 - Prob. 125APCh. 13 - Prob. 126APCh. 13 - f 5.l2gof oxygen gas occupies a volume of 6.21Lat...Ch. 13 - Prob. 128APCh. 13 - Prob. 129APCh. 13 - Prob. 130APCh. 13 - Prob. 131APCh. 13 - Suppose three 100.-L tanks are to be filled...Ch. 13 - t what temperature does 4.00gof helium gas have a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 134APCh. 13 - f 3.20gof nitrogen gas occupies a volume of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 136APCh. 13 - Prob. 137APCh. 13 - A mixture at 33 °C contains H2at 325 torr. N;at...Ch. 13 - Prob. 139APCh. 13 - Prob. 140APCh. 13 - Consider the following unbalanced chemical...Ch. 13 - Consider the following unbalanced chemical...Ch. 13 - Prob. 143APCh. 13 - Prob. 144APCh. 13 - Prob. 145APCh. 13 - Prob. 146APCh. 13 - Prob. 147APCh. 13 - Prob. 148APCh. 13 - Prob. 149APCh. 13 - Prob. 150APCh. 13 - omplete the following table for an ideal gas. mg...Ch. 13 - Prob. 152CPCh. 13 - Prob. 153CPCh. 13 - certain flexible weather balloon contains helium...Ch. 13 - Prob. 155CPCh. 13 - Prob. 156CPCh. 13 - Prob. 157CPCh. 13 - Prob. 158CP
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