(a) Interpretation: The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined. Concept Introduction: IUPAC rules are: Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound. Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Question

4. Provide a clear arrow-pushing mechanism for each of the following reactions. Do not skip proton transfers, do not combine steps, and make sure your arrows are clear enough to be interpreted without ambiguity. a. 2. 1. LDA 3. H3O+ HO

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.3, Problem 12.1QC

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

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4. Provide a clear arrow-pushing mechanism for each of the following reactions. Do not skip proton transfers, do not combine steps, and make sure your arrows are clear enough to be interpreted without ambiguity. a. 2. 1. LDA 3. H3O+ HO

b. H3C CH3 H3O+ ✓ H OH

2. Provide reagents/conditions to accomplish the following syntheses. More than one step is required in some cases. a. CH3

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.3, Problem 12.1QC

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.3, Problem 12.1QC

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.3, Problem 12.1QC

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

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Answer 5

Chapter 12.3, Problem 12.1QC

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Answer 6

Chapter 12.3, Problem 12.1QC

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Answer 7

Chapter 12.3, Problem 12.1QC

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules are:

Firstly, identify the longest chain of carbon atoms and give the name of the chain which is considered as the base name of the compound.

Numbering of carbon atoms is done in such a way that the functional group and the substituent get the lowest number.

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 12.1QC Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 12.2QC Ch. 12.3 - Problem 12-3 Write the IUPAC name for each...Ch. 12.3 - Problem 12-4 Draw structural formulas for the...Ch. 12.3 - Problem 12-5 How many stereoisomers are possible...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 12.6QC Ch. 12.5 - Problem 12-7 Propose a two-step mechanism for the...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 12.8QC Ch. 12.5 - Problem 12-9 Propose a three-step reaction...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 12.10QC

Solution Summary: The author explains how the IUPAC name for unsaturated hydrocarbons should be determined.

Chapter 12 Solutions