Chapter 12, Problem 67E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reaction of decomposition of $\text{HI}$ is given. The shift of equilibrium is to be predicted for given options.

Concept introduction: The state when the reactants involved in a chemical reaction and the products formed in the reaction exist in concentrations having no further tendency to change is known as an equilibrium state of the reaction.

According to Le Chatelier’s principle “When equilibrium is subjected to change in variable, the shift in the equilibrium is produced in the direction that nullifies the effect of change.”

To determine: The shift of equilibrium for the given reaction when ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{}_{\left(g\right)}$ is added.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reaction of decomposition of $\text{HI}$ is given. The shift of equilibrium is to be predicted for given options.

Concept introduction: The state when the reactants involved in a chemical reaction and the products formed in the reaction exist in concentrations having no further tendency to change is known as an equilibrium state of the reaction.

According to Le Chatelier’s principle “When equilibrium is subjected to change in variable, the shift in the equilibrium is produced in the direction that nullifies the effect of change.”

To determine: The shift of equilibrium for the given reaction when ${\text{I}}_{\text{2}}{}_{\left(g\right)}$ is removed.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reaction of decomposition of $\text{HI}$ is given. The shift of equilibrium is to be predicted for given options.

Concept introduction: The state when the reactants involved in a chemical reaction and the products formed in the reaction exist in concentrations having no further tendency to change is known as an equilibrium state of the reaction.

According to Le Chatelier’s principle “When equilibrium is subjected to change in variable, the shift in the equilibrium is produced in the direction that nullifies the effect of change.”

To determine: The shift of equilibrium for the given reaction when ${\text{HI}}_{\left(g\right)}$ is removed.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reaction of decomposition of $\text{HI}$ is given. The shift of equilibrium is to be predicted for given options.

Concept introduction: The state when the reactants involved in a chemical reaction and the products formed in the reaction exist in concentrations having no further tendency to change is known as an equilibrium state of the reaction.

According to Le Chatelier’s principle “When equilibrium is subjected to change in variable, the shift in the equilibrium is produced in the direction that nullifies the effect of change.”

To determine: The shift of equilibrium for the given reaction when argon gas is added.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reaction of decomposition of $\text{HI}$ is given. The shift of equilibrium is to be predicted for given options.

Concept introduction: The state when the reactants involved in a chemical reaction and the products formed in the reaction exist in concentrations having no further tendency to change is known as an equilibrium state of the reaction.

According to Le Chatelier’s principle “When equilibrium is subjected to change in variable, the shift in the equilibrium is produced in the direction that nullifies the effect of change.”

To determine: The shift of equilibrium for the given reaction when volume of reaction is doubled.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reaction of decomposition of $\text{HI}$ is given. The shift of equilibrium is to be predicted for given options.

Concept introduction: The state when the reactants involved in a chemical reaction and the products formed in the reaction exist in concentrations having no further tendency to change is known as an equilibrium state of the reaction.

According to Le Chatelier’s principle “When equilibrium is subjected to change in variable, the shift in the equilibrium is produced in the direction that nullifies the effect of change.”

To determine: The shift of equilibrium when temperature is decreased (exothermic reaction) for the given reaction.