Chapter 12, Problem 50QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A table of initial concentrations, change in concentrations and equilibrium concentrations for the  below given reaction has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

ICE table:

The full form of ICE table is Initial Change Equilibrium table. It is used to solve initial concentrations or pressures in equilibrium reactions.

Reaction Quotient:

Reaction quotient, Q is the ratio between product of the product concentration to the product of the reactant concentration with each term raised to the power of its balancing coefficient.

Consider a general equation,

  $a\text{A +}b\text{A}\stackrel{}{\rightleftharpoons }c\text{C}+d\text{D}$

Where a, b, c and d are the stoichiometric coefficients.  The reaction quotient is,

  ${\text{Q}}_{\text{c}}\text{ = }\frac{{\text{[C]}}^{\text{c}}{\text{[D]}}^{\text{d}}}{{[\text{A]}}^{\text{a}}{\text{[B]}}^{\text{b}}}$

The concentration of solids and pure liquids do not change, so their concentration terms are not included in the reaction quotient expression.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equilibrium constant expression in terms of x has to be written and then the variable ‘x’ has to be solved for the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Equilibrium constant: At equilibrium the ratio of products to reactants (each raised to the power corresponding to its stoichiometric coefficient) has a constant value, K

For a general reaction,

  $\text{aA+bB}\rightleftarrows \text{cC+dD}$

  $\text{Equilibrium}\text{constant}\text{K}\text{=}\frac{{\left[\text{C}\right]}^{\text{c}}{\left[\text{D}\right]}^{\text{d}}}{{\left[\text{A}\right]}^{\text{a}}{\left[\text{B}\right]}^{\text{b}}}$

The concentration of solids and pure liquids do not change, so their concentration terms are not included in the equilibrium constant expression.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equilibrium concentration of each isomer of the given reaction under given experimental conditions has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part (b).