Chapter 12, Problem 45P

Give the IUPAC name for each compound.

c. $C{H}_{3}C{H}_{2}C{H}_{2}C{\left(C{H}_{2}C{H}_3\right)}_3$

e. ${\left(C{H}_{3}C{H}_2\right)}_{2}CHC{H}_{2}C{H}_{2}C{H}_{2}CH{\left(C{H}_3\right)}_2$

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC nomenclature of alkanes having only one branched-chain needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Every organic compound has its own unique name which is followed by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). For alkane also, there is a particular rule for IUPAC nomenclature. The rules are −

1. The name has to end with suffix "−ane" for all alkanes.
2. The longest continuous carbon chain that contains the functional group will be treated as the main chain.
3. Number the carbons in the longest carbon chain. As per as the no of carbon present in the longest chain, "Pent (for 5)", "Hept (for 6)" this word will be added before "ane".
4. The branched groups present in the longest carbon chain beside the main chain should be named by the number of carbon atoms present in the branched group. These groups will end with "-yl" (e.g.- ethyl, methyl) at their end.
5. The position of the group on the main carbon chain and it should be mentioned (e.g. 2,3 -).
6. Numbering of the main chain should start from the side having smallest distance with most priority brunch (priority depends on alphabetical order of the brunch).
7. The brunched groups should be listed before the name of the main carbon chain in alphabetical order (ignoring prefix like di/tri).
8. Combine the elements of the name into a single word in the following order:
1. Branched groups in alphabetical order (ignoring prefixes).
2. Prefix of main chain
3. End with "-ane" suffix.

Answer to Problem 45P

3-Methylheptane

Explanation of Solution

The longest carbon chain has 7 carbon.

And there is a methyl group in the no 3 carbon. As the branch group has only one CH₃, it is called 'Methyl'.

So, following by the above mention rule, the name of the alkane is 3 (the position of the branch) + Methyl (the name of the branch)+hept ( 7 carbon in main chain)+ "-ane"= 3-Methylheptane

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC nomenclature of alkanes having 2 same brunches needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Every organic compound has its own unique name which is followed by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). For alkane also, there is a particular rule for IUPAC nomenclature. The rules are −

1. The name has to end with suffix "−ane" for all alkanes.
2. The longest continuous carbon chain that contains the functional group will be treated as the main chain.
3. Number the carbons in the longest carbon chain. As per as the no of carbon present in the longest chain, "Pent (for 5)", "Hept (for 6)" this word will be added before "ane".
4. The branched groups present in the longest carbon chain beside the main chain should be named by the number of carbon atoms present in the branched group. These groups will end with "-yl" (e.g.- ethyl, methyl) at their end.
5. The position of the group on the main carbon chain and it should be mentioned (e.g. 2,3 -).
6. Numbering of the main chain should start from the side having smallest distance with most priority brunch (priority depends on alphabetical order of the brunch).
7. The brunched groups should be listed before the name of the main carbon chain in alphabetical order (ignoring prefix like di/tri).
8. Combine the elements of the name into a single word in the following order:
1. Branched groups in alphabetical order (ignoring prefixes).
2. Prefix of main chain
3. End with "-ane" suffix.

Answer to Problem 45P

3,5-dimethyloctane

Explanation of Solution

The longest carbon chain has 8 carbon.

And there are two methyl groups in the no. 3 and no. 5 carbons. As the branch group has only one CH₃, it is called 'Methyl'.

So, following by the above mention rule, the name of the alkane is 3,5 (the position of the branch) + dimethyl (the name of the branch, 'di' as two methyl are present)+ oct( 8 carbon in main chain)+ "-ane"= 3,5-dimethyloctane.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC nomenclature of Alkanes having 2 same brunches in same carbon needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Every organic compound has its own unique name which is followed by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). For alkane also, there is a particular rule for IUPAC nomenclature. The rules are −

1. The name has to end with suffix "−ane" for all alkanes.
2. The longest continuous carbon chain that contains the functional group will be treated as the main chain.
3. Number the carbons in the longest carbon chain. As per as the no of carbon present in the longest chain, "Pent (for 5)", "Hept (for 6)" this word will be added before "ane".
4. The branched groups present in the longest carbon chain beside the main chain should be named by the number of carbon atoms present in the branched group. These groups will end with "-yl" (e.g.- ethyl, methyl) at their end.
5. The position of the group on the main carbon chain and it should be mentioned (e.g. 2,3 -).
6. Numbering of the main chain should start from the side having smallest distance with most priority brunch (priority depends on alphabetical order of the brunch).
7. The brunched groups should be listed before the name of the main carbon chain in alphabetical order (ignoring prefix like di/tri).
8. Combine the elements of the name into a single word in the following order:
1. Branched groups in alphabetical order (ignoring prefixes).
2. Prefix of main chain
3. End with "-ane" suffix.

Answer to Problem 45P

3,3-diethylhexane

Explanation of Solution

The longest carbon chain has 8 carbon.

And there are two ethyl groups in the no. 3 carbon. As the branch groups have CH₂CH₃, it is called 'ethyl'.

So, following by the above mention rule, the name of the alkane is 3,3 (the position of the branch) + diethyl (the name of the branch, 'di' as two ethyl are present)+ hex( 6 carbon in main chain)+ "-ane"= 3,3-diethylhexane.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC nomenclature of Alkanes having skeletal structure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Every organic compound has its own unique name which is followed by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). For alkane also, there is a particular rule for IUPAC nomenclature. The rules are −

1. The name has to end with suffix "−ane" for all alkanes.
2. The longest continuous carbon chain that contains the functional group will be treated as the main chain.
3. Number the carbons in the longest carbon chain. As per as the no of carbon present in the longest chain, "Pent (for 5)", "Hept (for 6)" this word will be added before "ane".
4. The branched groups present in the longest carbon chain beside the main chain should be named by the number of carbon atoms present in the branched group. These groups will end with "-yl" (e.g.- ethyl, methyl) at their end.
5. The position of the group on the main carbon chain and it should be mentioned (e.g. 2,3 -).
6. Numbering of the main chain should start from the side having smallest distance with most priority brunch (priority depends on alphabetical order of the brunch).
7. The brunched groups should be listed before the name of the main carbon chain in alphabetical order (ignoring prefix like di/tri).
8. Combine the elements of the name into a single word in the following order:
1. Branched groups in alphabetical order (ignoring prefixes).
2. Prefix of main chain
3. End with "-ane" suffix.

Answer to Problem 45P

4-ethyl-2,6-dimethyloctane

Explanation of Solution

The longest carbon chain has 8 carbon.

And there are two methyl groups in the no. 2 and 6 carbon, one ethyl group in no. 4carbon. As the branch groups have CH₃and CH₂CH₃, they are called 'methyl' and 'ethyl' simultaneously.

So, following by the above mention rule, the name of the alkane is 4 (the position of the branch having alphabetically order 1st) +ethyl (the name of the branch) + 2,6 (position of 2^nd brunch) + dimethyl( name of the brunch and 'di' as two methyl are present)+ oct ( 8 carbon in main chain)+ "-ane"= 4-ethyl-2,6-dimethyloctane

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC nomenclature of alkanes having different brunches in different position needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Every organic compound has its own unique name which is followed by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). For alkane also, there is a particular rule for IUPAC nomenclature. The rules are −

1. The name has to end with suffix "−ane" for all alkanes.
2. The longest continuous carbon chain that contains the functional group will be treated as the main chain.
3. Number the carbons in the longest carbon chain. As per as the no of carbon present in the longest chain, "Pent (for 5)", "Hept (for 6)" this word will be added before "ane".
4. The branched groups present in the longest carbon chain beside the main chain should be named by the number of carbon atoms present in the branched group. These groups will end with "-yl" (e.g.- ethyl, methyl) at their end.
5. The position of the group on the main carbon chain and it should be mentioned (e.g. 2,3 -).
6. Numbering of the main chain should start from the side having smallest distance with most priority brunch (priority depends on alphabetical order of the brunch).
7. The brunched groups should be listed before the name of the main carbon chain in alphabetical order (ignoring prefix like di/tri).
8. Combine the elements of the name into a single word in the following order:
1. Branched groups in alphabetical order (ignoring prefixes).
2. Prefix of main chain
3. End with "-ane" suffix.

Answer to Problem 45P

6-ethyl-2-methyloctane

Explanation of Solution

The longest carbon chain has 8 carbon.

And there is one methyl group in the no. 2 carbon, one ethyl group in no. 6 carbon. As the branch groups have CH₃and CH₂CH₃, they are called 'methyl' and 'ethyl' simultaneously.

So, following by the above mention rule, the name of the alkane is 6 (the position of the branch having alphabetically order 1st) + ethyl (the name of the branch) + 2 (position of 2^nd brunch) + methyl( name of the brunch )+ oct ( 8 carbon in main chain)+ "-ane"= 6-ethyl-2-methyloctane

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC nomenclature of Alkanes having lots of groups present in different position needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Every organic compound has its own unique name which is followed by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). For alkane also, there is a particular rule for IUPAC nomenclature. The rules are −

1. The name has to end with suffix "−ane" for all alkanes.
2. The longest continuous carbon chain that contains the functional group will be treated as the main chain.
3. Number the carbons in the longest carbon chain. As per as the no of carbon present in the longest chain, "Pent (for 5)", "Hept (for 6)" this word will be added before "ane".
4. The branched groups present in the longest carbon chain beside the main chain should be named by the number of carbon atoms present in the branched group. These groups will end with "-yl" (e.g.- ethyl, methyl) at their end.
5. The position of the group on the main carbon chain and it should be mentioned (e.g. 2,3 -).
6. Numbering of the main chain should start from the side having smallest distance with most priority brunch (priority depends on alphabetical order of the brunch).
7. The brunched groups should be listed before the name of the main carbon chain in alphabetical order (ignoring prefix like di/tri).
8. Combine the elements of the name into a single word in the following order:
1. Branched groups in alphabetical order (ignoring prefixes).
2. Prefix of main chain
3. End with "-ane" suffix.

Answer to Problem 45P

3,3,9,9-tetramethylundecane

Explanation of Solution

The longest carbon chain has 8 carbon.

And there are four methyl groups in the no. 3 and 9 carbon. As the branch groups have CH₃, it is called 'methyl'.

So, following by the above mention rule, the name of the alkane is 3,3,9,9 (the position of the branch) + tetramethyl ( name of the brunch and 'tetra' as four methyl are present)+ undacane ( 11 carbon in main chain)+ "-ane"= 3,3,9,9-tetramethylundecane.