Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 12, Problem 34CTQ
A heterozygous pea plant produces violet flowers and yellow, round seeds. Describe the expected genotypes of the gametes produced by
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Mendel’s observation that two different traits could be inherited independently of each other can be explained by understanding that:
During meiosis, the process of chromosome assortment into daughter cells is random
Alleles of the genes reside on homologous chromosomes
All of the listed choices are correct
During meiosis, maternal and paternal members of homologous chromosomes are distributed separately into daughter cells
When Gregor Mendel was working in the mid 1800s, scientists had not yet discovered chromosomes or meiosis. However, we now understand how Mendel's principles are rooted in the events of meiosis. As an example of this, state Mendel's principle of independent assortment and explain how it relates to independent assortment in meiosis.
Mendel found that three traits in peas—height, flower color, and pod shape—are determined by different genes, and that these genes assort independently. Suppose that true-bred tall plants with violet flowers and inflated pods are crossed to true-bred dwarf plants with white flower and constricted pods. All the plants in the F1 generation are tall, with violet flowers and inflated pods. If these F1 plants are self-fertilized, what fraction of their offspring are expected to …
a.)show all three dominant phenotypes?
b.)be tall with white flowers and constricted pods?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 12 - Figure 12.5 In pea plants, round peas (R) are...Ch. 12 - Figure 12.6 What are the genotypes of the...Ch. 12 - Figure 12.12 What ratio of offspring would result...Ch. 12 - Figure 12.16 In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are...Ch. 12 - Mendel performed hybridizations by transferring...Ch. 12 - Which is one of the seven characteristics that...Ch. 12 - Imagine you are performing a cross involving seed...Ch. 12 - Consider a cross to investigate the pea pod...Ch. 12 - A scientist pollinates a true-breeding pea plant...Ch. 12 - The observable traits expressed by an organism are...
Ch. 12 - A recessive trait will be observed in individuals...Ch. 12 - If black and white true-breeding mice are mated...Ch. 12 - The ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as...Ch. 12 - In a mating between two individuals that are...Ch. 12 - If the allele encoding polydactyly (six fingers)...Ch. 12 - A farmer raises black and white chickens. To his...Ch. 12 - Assuming no gene linkage, in a dihybrid cross of...Ch. 12 - The forked line and probability methods make use...Ch. 12 - How many different offspring genotypes are...Ch. 12 - Labrador retriever's fur color is controlled by...Ch. 12 - Which of the following situations does not follow...Ch. 12 - Describe one of the reasons why the garden pea was...Ch. 12 - How would you perform a reciprocal cross for the...Ch. 12 - Mendel performs a cross using a true-breeding pea...Ch. 12 - Calculate the probability of selecting a heart or...Ch. 12 - The gene for flower position in pea plants exists...Ch. 12 - Use a Punnett square to predict the offspring in a...Ch. 12 - Can a human male be a carrier of red-green color...Ch. 12 - Why is it more efficient to perform a test cross...Ch. 12 - Use the probability method to calculate the...Ch. 12 - Explain epistatis in terms of its Greek-language...Ch. 12 - In Section 12.3, ''Laws of Inheritance," an...Ch. 12 - People with trisomy 21 develop Down’s syndrome....Ch. 12 - A heterozygous pea plant produces violet flowers...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment states that: the members of a pair of homologous chromosemes assort independently of each other during gamete formation none of these the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes separate from each other during gamete formati different pairs of homologous chromosomes assort independently of each other during gamete formation different pairs of homologous chromosomes separate from each other during gamete formationarrow_forwardAcatalasia is caused by a rare autosomal recessive gene. In heterozygous condition catalase activity is decreased slightly. A woman with a normal catalase activity have a husband with low catalase activity. What is the probability of children birth without anomaly in the family, if grandparents from both sides have reduced activity of catalase? Diagram the cross and mention the genotypes of all individuals in the family?arrow_forwardMendel performs a cross using a true-breeding pea plant with round, yellow seeds and a true-breeding pea plant with green, wrinkled seeds. What is the probability that offspring will have green, round seeds? Calculate the probability for the F1 and F2 generations.arrow_forward
- Cystic fibrosis is a recessive human condition. A male with Cystic fibrosis and a woman with a dominant phenotype have sevral children, in which one displays Cystic fibrosis. What can you conclude about the genotype of the maternal parent and what is the probability that a child who does not display Cystic fibrosis is heterozygous?arrow_forwardGray seed color in peas is dominant to white. Assume that Mendel conducted a series of experiments where plants with gray seeds were crossed with each other and the following progeny were produced: 320 gray and 80 white. (a) What is the most probable genotype of each parent? (b) Based on your answer in (a) above, what genotypic and phenotypic ratios are expected in the progeny?arrow_forwardMendel's concept of dominance states that in a genotype where two different alleles of a locus are present, only the trait encoded by the dominant allele is observed. Give a molecular explanation for dominance, i.e. explain intracellular molecular events that can result in what we observe as dominance on a phenotypic level. Use the gene that encodes seed shape in peas as an example, where roun(R) is dominant over wrinkled(r), to explain how RR and Rr plants can have the same phenotype.arrow_forward
- You self-fertilize an F1 plant to produce the F2 generation. Based on Mendelian principles of inheritance, what fraction of the F2 generation do you expect to be short with round, green seeds? HINT: Solving this problem will require a very large Punnett square (8 x 8), but you can easily solve it using the Multiplication Rulearrow_forwardIn humans, the genes for colorblindness and hemophilia are both located on the X chromosome with no corresponding gene in the Y. These are both recessive alleles. If a man and a woman, both with normal vision, marry and have a colorblind son, draw the Punnet square that illustrates this. If the man dies and the woman remarries a colorblind man, draw a Punnet Square showing the type of children that could be expected from the second marriage. How many/what percentages of each could be expected.arrow_forwardQ6. Guinea pigs, which were homozygous for long, black hair were crossed with ones which were homozygous for short, white hair. All the F1 offspring had short, black hair. (a) Using suitable symbols, draw a genetic diagram showing parents genotypes, to explain this result in F1 offspring. (b) Complete the Punnett square to show the results of interbreeding the F1 offspring. Gametesarrow_forward
- Gregor Mendel discovered the basis of heredity with his sweet pea plant experiments. In his studies, he determined that certain traits, such as pod color and pea shape, express complete dominance. A cross occurs between a plant with heterozygous yellow pods and wrinkled peas and a plant with green pods and heterozygous round peas. What is the probability that the offspring will exhibit recessive genes for both traits? A - 1/2B - 1/4C - 1/8D - 1/16arrow_forwardMendel's law of independent assortment states that the alleles of two (or more) different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another. In other words, the allele a gamete receives for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene. Assuming that during Metaphase 1 you have possibility 1 see picture below. Sketch possibility number 2 by using red and yellow color pencils. and upload possibility 2. Note: if you do not color pencils label them yellow and red. Possibility 1 Sketch Possibility 2 # Two equally probable arrangements of chromosomes at metaphase Iarrow_forwardTwo brown-eyed parents produce a blue-eyed child. Grandparents suspect infidelity on the part of the mother since neither parent had blue eyes. Explain the Mendelian relationships. What type of inheritance is represented here?arrow_forward
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