Human Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780805382952
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 24CYR
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The human body carries out a lot of functions. The brain alsocoordinates the high level functions involving mental ability. Thesefunctions include language, memory, and emotions. Emotions are the expressions of the inner state of the person. Emotions can be divided into visceral motorresponses, somatic motor responses, and highly subjective “feelings.”
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According to Squire, what brain areas receive the majority of amygdala outputs during an emotional event?
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The hippocampus subdivisions that controls reward-based responses
b.
The occipital cortex, the pituitary gland, and the hypothalamus
c.
Cortical areas that process behaviorally relevant sensory perceptions
d.
Subcortical areas that control autonomic and motor responses
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The motor cortex, the cerebellum, and the thalamus
Basic neuroscience of emotions states which of the following?
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Two different routes to the amygdala for sensory signals
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Interoception alone controls emotional responses
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Exteroception alone controls emotional responses
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Appraisal of information controls emotional responses
Describe Dr. LeDoux's direct ("fast and dirty") emotional pathways
a. Emotional stimulus>dorso-medial thalamus>lateral nucleus of the amygdala
b. Emotional stimulus>ventral sensory thalamus>neocortex>lateral nucleus of the amygdala
c. Emotional stimulus>ventral sensory thalamus> PAG>central nucleus of the amygdala
d. Emotional stimulus>ventral sensory thalamus> Hypothalamus>basolateral nucleus of the amygdala
Chapter 12 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 12.1 - What types of functions are performed by the CNS?Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2QCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.1 - 4. What is the neural tube?
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 5QCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 1QCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 2QCCh. 12.2 - Which component of the diencephalon performs each...Ch. 12.2 - Describe the basic anatomical arrangement of the...Ch. 12.2 - What is the primary function of the cerebellum?
Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 7QCCh. 12.2 - What are the general functions of the reticular...Ch. 12.3 - 1. What are the three meninges, from superficial...Ch. 12.3 - 2. What are the three spaces (potential and...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 4QCCh. 12.3 - 5. What two factors create the blood brain...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 1QCCh. 12.4 - List and describe the three spinal meninges.Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 4QCCh. 12.4 - What is the cauda equina?Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 7QCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 8QCCh. 12.5 - 1. Where are the posterior columns and their two...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 2QCCh. 12.5 - How are touch and pain processed by the cerebral...Ch. 12.5 - 4. How is the processing of olfactory stimuli...Ch. 12.6 - What is the main difference between the...Ch. 12.6 - Where do the fibers of the corticospinal tracts...Ch. 12.6 - Where do upper motor neurons reside, and what are...Ch. 12.6 - What are the two parts of the basal nuclei...Ch. 12.6 - What is the overall function of the cerebellum?Ch. 12.6 - Trace the overall voluntary movement pathway from...Ch. 12.7 - Which two body systems coordinate the maintenance...Ch. 12.7 - Which branch of the PNS controls most of the bodys...Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.7 - Prob. 4QCCh. 12.7 - Prob. 5QCCh. 12.7 - What type of rhythm does human sleep follow?...Ch. 12.7 - 7. What is an electroencephalogram? What is the...Ch. 12.8 - 1. What is cognition? Which part of the brain is...Ch. 12.8 - What is cerebral lateralization? Which functions...Ch. 12.8 - 3. Define language in the context of neurology....Ch. 12.8 - Explain the differences between declarative memory...Ch. 12.8 - 5. How do immediate, short-term, and long-term...Ch. 12.8 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12 - The central nervous system is responsible for: a....Ch. 12 - Mark the following statements about the brain as...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3CYRCh. 12 - 4. Which statement about cerebral white matter is...Ch. 12 - Mark the following statements about the cerebral...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6CYRCh. 12 - 7. Match the term on the left with its correct...Ch. 12 - Which statement about the cranial meninges is...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9CYRCh. 12 - Prob. 10CYRCh. 12 - Mark the following statements about the spinal...Ch. 12 - Which of the following somatic sensations is not...Ch. 12 - Fill in the blanks: The tracts of the posterior...Ch. 12 - Which parts of the body have the greatest amount...Ch. 12 - Which of the following statements is false? a. The...Ch. 12 - Fill in the blanks: The cell bodies of upper motor...Ch. 12 - Label the following components of the...Ch. 12 - Mark the following statements on the role of the...Ch. 12 - 19. Fill in the blanks: The two components of the...Ch. 12 - 20. Which of the following statements is false?
a....Ch. 12 - 21. Match the term on the left with its correct...Ch. 12 - 22. The part of the brain responsible for the...Ch. 12 - Fill in the blanks: Declarative memories are...Ch. 12 - Prob. 24CYRCh. 12 - Huntingtons disease is characterized by a loss of...Ch. 12 - How could you tell the difference between an...Ch. 12 - Why do injuries to the hippocampus interfere with...Ch. 12 - Ms. Norris is brought to the emergency department...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2AYKCh. 12 - Prob. 3AYKCh. 12 - A new diet wonder drug is designed to block the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 5AYK
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- NOTE THESE ARE ALL ONE QUESTION GROUP AND SHOULD BE ANSWERED AS SUCH Activation of the sympathetic nervous system __________________. A. increases the flow of watery saliva B. stimulates peristaltic contractions of the intestinal system C. allows the body to relax rather than prepare for fight or flight D. slows heartbeat and lowers blood pressure E. causes the pupils to dilate The autonomic subdivision of the vertebrate nervous system innervates all but which of the following? A. Skeletal muscles B. Intestinal muscles C. Liver D. Heart E. Pancreas The sympathetic nervous system includes the _______________. A. lumbar and sacral nerves B. cranial and sacral nerves C. cranial and thoracic nerves D. thoracic and lumbar nerves E. cervical and lumbar nerves Which of the following statements accurately defines spinal nerve? A. Cell in the deep part of the epidermis that produces the…arrow_forwardState the function of autonomic nervous system. A. Transmits information from periphery to the central nervous system B. Voluntary nervous system that innervates skeletal muscles C. Involuntary nervous system that innervates smooth muscle and glands. D. Important for conscious responses Indicate the correct cerebral lobes and its control. A. Frontal lobe: speech and voluntary movement B. Parietal lobe: conscious perception of vision C. Temporal lobe: taste and reading D. Occipital lobe: smell and hearingarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true about the connections between motor cortex and subcortical areas such as the basal ganglia? e. All of them c. There are unique reciprocal connections between cortical and subcortical regions and each of these loops make a different contribution to behavior a. The connections from subcortical areas to the motor cortex are through the thalamus. b. There are no direct connections from the subcortical areas to the spinal cord. d. a. and c. only.arrow_forward
- Mark the following statements as true of false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement. a. Ependymal cells regulate the composition and movement of cerebrospinal fluid. b. Schwann cells make myelin in the peripheral nervous system c. Microglia are neuroglial cells with an immune function. d. Oligodendrocytes repair damaged axons in the peripheral nervous system. e. Astrocytes regulate the extracellular environment of the brain and are key components of the blood-brain barrier. f. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells perform similar functions in different parts of the nervous system.arrow_forwardAutonomic neurons whose cell bodies reside in the peripheral nervous system and are activated by action potentials of thoracolumbar origin release: a. epinephrine b. norepinephrine c. acetylcholine d. dopamine e. glutamatearrow_forwardNeurotransmission is the way that brain cells communicate, and the bulk of those communications occur at a site called the a. Basal Ganglia b. Neurons c. Synapses d. Hypothalamusarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is false? a. The spinothalamic tracts are part of the anterolateral system. b. Pain, temperature, and crude touch stimuli are carried by the anterolateral system. c. Descending pathways from the brain and spinal cord can make the spinal cord less receptive to pain stimuli. d. The thalamus serves as the “gateway” for entry of all special sensory stimuli into the cerebral cortex, with the exception of audition (hearing).arrow_forwardNeuroimaging of the perception of facial expression suggests that a. the amygdala is selectively active when we view angry faces. b. the amygdala responds most strongly to fearful faces, particularly to the whites of the eyes. c. the amygdala is selectively active when we view sad faces. d. he amygdala responds most strongly to angry faces, particularly to enlarged pupils in the eyes.arrow_forwardIn the control of emotion and motivation, the limbic system works together with a. the pons. b. the thalamus. c. the hypothalamus. d. the cerebellum. e. the basal nuclei.arrow_forward
- Sensory neurons transmit information towards the central nervous system. Which of the following is true concerning the movement of peripheral- information towards the central nervous system? A. Dendrites of the sensory neurons synapse with interneurons of the spinal cord. B. Axons of the sensory neurons synapse with motor neurons of the muscles involved in the spinal reflex. C. Axons of the motor neurons synapse with the interneurons of the spinal cord. D. Axons of the sensory neurons synapse with the interneurons of the spinal cord.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? Select one: O a. Cholinergic nicotinic receptors of autonomic ganglia are identical to N cholinergic receptors of neuromuscular junction O b. Some of the postganglionic sympathetic fibers are cholinergic O c. All of the visceral organs/structures have dual innervation (sympathetic and parasympathetic) O d. Adrenaline does not usually circulate in bloodarrow_forwardThe feel of your pencil on your fingertip is carried through the thalamus to the cortex. Which part of the cortex does this information reach first? a. hippocampus b. limbic cortex c. parietal lobe d. frontal lobe Which of the following is NOT a catecholamine? a. norepinephrine b. serotonin c. epinephrine d. dopaminearrow_forward
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