Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134156415
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 18SAQ
Explain how the cerebellum is physically connected to the brain stem.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 12 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 12.1 - Which ventricle is surrounded by the diencephalon?Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 12.1 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 12.2 - What anatomical landmark of the cerebral cortex...Ch. 12.2 - Mike, who is left-handed, decided to wear his...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 6CYUCh. 12.2 - Name the components of the basal nuclei.Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 8CYUCh. 12.3 - The hypothalamus oversees a branch of the...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 10CYU
Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 11CYUCh. 12.5 - Prob. 12CYUCh. 12.6 - The limbic system is sometimes called the...Ch. 12.6 - When Taylor begins to feel drowsy while driving,...Ch. 12.7 - Name three factors that can enhance transfer of...Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 16CYUCh. 12.7 - Which two states of consciousness are between...Ch. 12.7 - During which sleep stage are most skeletal muscles...Ch. 12.8 - Prob. 19CYUCh. 12.8 - A brain surgeon is about to make an incision. Name...Ch. 12.9 - Prob. 21CYUCh. 12.9 - Prob. 22CYUCh. 12.10 - Prob. 23CYUCh. 12.10 - Trevor was tackled while playing football. After...Ch. 12.11 - Where are the cell bodies of the first-, second-,...Ch. 12.11 - Prob. 26CYUCh. 12.11 - Figure 12.32 shows both tracts and nerves, as well...Ch. 12 - Prob. 1MCCh. 12 - A patient has suffered a cerebral hemorrhage that...Ch. 12 - Choose the correct term from the key to respond to...Ch. 12 - The innermost layer of the meninges, delicate and...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3MCCh. 12 - Which of the following tracts convey vibration and...Ch. 12 - Destruction of the ventral horn cells of the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 8MCCh. 12 - Prob. 9MCCh. 12 - A professor unexpectedly blew a loud horn in his...Ch. 12 - Identify the stage of sleep described by using...Ch. 12 - All of the following descriptions refer to dorsal...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13SAQCh. 12 - (a) What is the advantage of having a cerebrum...Ch. 12 - (a) Make a rough drawing of the lateral aspect of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 16SAQCh. 12 - (a) What is the function of the basal nuclei? (b)...Ch. 12 - Explain how the cerebellum is physically connected...Ch. 12 - Describe the role of the cerebellum in maintaining...Ch. 12 - Prob. 20SAQCh. 12 - (a) Localize the reticular formation in the brain....Ch. 12 - Prob. 22SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 23SAQCh. 12 - Compare and contrast short-term memory (STM) and...Ch. 12 - Define memory consolidation.Ch. 12 - List four ways in which the CNS is protected.Ch. 12 - Prob. 27SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 28SAQCh. 12 - (a) Define concussion and contusion. (b) Why does...Ch. 12 - Describe the spinal cord, depicting its extent,...Ch. 12 - How do the types of motor activity controlled by...Ch. 12 - Describe the functional problems that would be...Ch. 12 - Prob. 33SAQCh. 12 - How do the conditions paraplegia, hemiplegia, and...Ch. 12 - Prob. 35SAQCh. 12 - 39-Year-Old Female with Traumatic Brain Injury...Ch. 12 - 39-Year-Old Female with Traumatic Brain Injury...Ch. 12 - 39-Year-Old Female with Traumatic Brain Injury...Ch. 12 - 39-Year-Old Female with Traumatic Brain Injury...Ch. 12 - 39-Year-Old Female with Traumatic Brain Injury...
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- Select a diet and give a summary of the main components. Do a web search of the diet and choose one link that provides misinformation. Explain why the site itself and/or the information on the site is not credible. This should be a report. This site should be different from U.S News and World Report. For full credit, you must include the following information and elaborate in detail: The diet name The main components of the diet The misinformation website and link What misinformation is being provided in the other website and how did you determine it was not credible?arrow_forward1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine: (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip MAKE SURE ANSWERS HAVE UNITS if appropriate. SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution.arrow_forward2. Drug quantification from plasma is commonly performed by using techniques such as HPLC or LC/MS. However, these methods do have limitations, and investigators may choose to use a radiolabeled analog of a drug instead. Radioligands are molecules that contain radioactive isotopes, commonly 3H or 14C. This technique allows investigators to quantify drug concentration from radiation measurements. The following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of a 14C-labeled drug of interest: Time (min) Plasma Radiation Levels (µCi/L) 0 0.0 2 9.7 4 19.2 7 25.3 9 37.8 12 39.6 14 45.8 17 48.8 20 52.0 25 56.4 30 59.2 35 60.1 40 61.1 45 62.1 50 62.8 60 63.1 70 62.1 80 60.1 90 57.3 100 55.5 110 53.7 120 52.2 150 48.0 180 45.0 240 39.0 Note that a µCi is a measure of the amount of radioactivity and hence is a measure of the amount of drug present. Given that the oral bioavailability of this drug is known to be essentially 100%, estimate the following from this…arrow_forward
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