(a)
Interpretation:
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of sodium sulfite and hydrochloric acid should be written.
Concept introduction:
A balanced chemical equation is defined as reaction in which there are same number of constituent atoms on both side of the reaction arrow, that is reactant and product side.
(a)
Answer to Problem 12.116PAE
Solution: Balanced chemical equation.
Explanation of Solution
Here, sulfur dioxide, sodium chloride and water are formed when sodium hydrogen sulfite is reacted with hydrochloric acid. The balanced reaction is as follows:
(b)
Interpretation: Mass of
Concept introduction:
For a reaction, if any reactant is present in excess, the mass of product obtained depends on the limiting reactant. The ratio of number of moles remains the same for any reaction.
Number of mole is related to mass and molar mass as follows:
where, n is the number of moles
m is mass
M is molar mass
(b)
Answer to Problem 12.116PAE
Solution: Amount of sulfur dioxide produced is
Explanation of Solution
The balanced
Here, HCl is present in excess, thus,
Calculate the number of moles of
Molecular mass of
Thus,
Since,
Now, calculate mass of
Molar mass of
Thus,
Therefore, 1.2 g of SO2 is produced from 1.9 g of
(c)
Interpretation: Equilibrium concentration of each species in the given reaction should be identified.
Concept introduction: For a general reaction,
Expression for the equilibrium constant (K) is as follows:
Also, concentration or molarity of a solution is defined as number of moles in 1 L of solution. The unit of concentration or molarity is mol/L or M.
(c)
Answer to Problem 12.116PAE
Solution: Equilibrium concentration of
Equilibrium concentration of
Equilibrium concentration of
Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is
Equilibrium constant for the reaction will be:
The ICE table for the reaction will be:
Initial | |||
Change | |||
equilibrium |
Since, the value of equilibrium constant is very high thus, SO2 completely react with oxygen to form SO3. The number of moles of SO2 remain will be zero.
Thus,
Calculate number of moles of O2 remain as follows:
Moles of O2 remain,
And,
Concentration can be calculated as follows:
Since, volume of container is 100 mL or 0.1 L, equilibrium concentration of all species can be calculated.
Therefore, equilibrium concentration of SO2, O2 and SO3 is 0 M, 0.41 M and 0.183 M respectively.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
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