Definition Definition Study of the speed of chemical reactions and other factors that affect the rate of reaction. It also extends toward the mechanism involved in the reaction.
Chapter 12, Problem 12.66PAE
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine:
Write chemical equations and equilibrium, expressions for the reactions of ammonia with water.
(a)
Expert Solution
Explanation of Solution
NH3(g)+H2O(l)→NH4+(aq)+OH−(aq)
Apply the concept
aA+bB⇌cC+dD
Rate of equilibrium reaction(K)=[C]c[D]d[A]a[B]b
So, here, rate of equilibrium reaction (K)=[NH4+][OH−][NH3][H2O].
In this equilibrium, water is pure liquid and its concentration is constant [H2O]=1
Dissociation constant (Ka)=[NH4+][OH−][NH3]
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine:
Write chemical equations of equilibrium expressions for the reactions of methylamine. With water.
(b)
Expert Solution
Explanation of Solution
CH3NH2(aq)+H2O(l)→CH3NH3+(aq)+OH−(aq)
Apply the concept
aA+bB⇌cC+dD
Rate of equilibrium reaction (K)=[C]c[D]d[A]a[B]b
Rate of equilibrium reaction (K)=[CH3NH3+](OH−)[CH3NH2][H2O].
In this equilibrium, [H2O]=1
Dissociation constant (Ka)=[CH3NH3+](OH−)[CH3NH2]
(c)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: Write chemical equations and equilibrium expressions for weak bases acetate ion C3COO− with water.
(c)
Expert Solution
Explanation of Solution
CHOO−(aq)+H2O(l)→CH3COOH(aq)+OH−(aq)
Apply the concept
aA+bB⇌cC+dD
Rate of equilibrium reaction (K)=[C]c[D]d[A]a[B]b
Rate of equilibrium constant is as (K)=[CH3COOH][OH−][CHOO−][H2O].
In this equilibrium, [H2O]=1
Dissociation constant (Ka)=[CH3COOH][OH−][CHOO−]
(d)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: Write chemical equations and equilibrium expressions for hydrogen carbonate ion HCo3− with water.
(d)
Expert Solution
Explanation of Solution
HCo3−(aq)+H2O(l)→H2Co3(aq)+OH−(aq)
Rate of equilibrium constant for reaction
aA+bB⇌cC+dD
Rate of equilibrium reaction (K)=[C]c[D]d[A]a[B]b
Rate of equilibrium constant is as (K)=[H2Co3][OH−][HCo3−][H2O]
In this equilibrium, [H2O]=1
Dissociation constant (Ka)=[H2Co3][OH−][HCo3−]
[H2Co3][OH−]=Ka[HCo3−]
(e)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: Write chemical equations and equilibrium expressions for aniline ion C6H5NH2 with water.
(e)
Expert Solution
Explanation of Solution
C6H5NH2(aq)+H2O(l)→C6H5NH3+(aq)+OH−(aq)
Apply the concept
Rate of equilibrium constant for reaction
aA+bB⇌cC+dD
Rate of equilibrium reaction (K)=[C]c[D]d[A]a[B]b
Rate of equilibrium constant is as (K)=[C6H5NH3+][OH−][C6H5NH2][H2O]
In the laboratory, a general chemistry student measured the pH of a 0.509 M aqueous solution of phenol (a weak acid),
CGH5OH to be 5.162.
Use the information she obtained to determine the K, for this acid.
K„(experiment) =
Calculate the equilibrium molar concentrations of trichloroacetic acid in an aqueous solution that contains 284.9 mg of trichloroacetic acid,Cl3CCOOH (163.4 g/mol), in 15 mL (the acid is 73.0% ionized in water). Indicate units
Complete the following solubility constant expression for Ag,CO3.
K -
sp
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