(a) Interpretation: The species that is smaller between the given pair is to be predicted and an explanation for the correct choice in terms of electron structure is to be stated. Concept Introduction: Cations are always smaller than the atoms from which they are formed because they have lesser number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the force of attraction between protons and electrons increases size decreases. Anions are always larger than the atoms from which they are formed because they have more number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the repulsion between the electrons increases, the force of attraction between protons and electrons, decreases, and the size increases.
(a) Interpretation: The species that is smaller between the given pair is to be predicted and an explanation for the correct choice in terms of electron structure is to be stated. Concept Introduction: Cations are always smaller than the atoms from which they are formed because they have lesser number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the force of attraction between protons and electrons increases size decreases. Anions are always larger than the atoms from which they are formed because they have more number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the repulsion between the electrons increases, the force of attraction between protons and electrons, decreases, and the size increases.
Solution Summary: The author explains that the species that is smaller between the given pair is to be predicted and an explanation for the correct choice in terms of electron structure.
The species that is smaller between the given pair is to be predicted and an explanation for the correct choice in terms of electron structure is to be stated.
Concept Introduction:
Cations are always smaller than the atoms from which they are formed because they have lesser number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the force of attraction between protons and electrons increases size decreases.
Anions are always larger than the atoms from which they are formed because they have more number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the repulsion between the electrons increases, the force of attraction between protons and electrons, decreases, and the size increases.
Interpretation Introduction
(b)
Interpretation:
The species that is smaller between the given pair is to be predicted and an explanation for the correct choice in terms of electron structure is to be stated.
Concept Introduction:
Cations are always smaller than the atoms from which they are formed because they have lesser number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the force of attraction between protons and electrons increases size decreases.
Anions are always larger than the atoms from which they are formed because they have more number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the repulsion between the electrons increases, the force of attraction between protons and electrons, decreases, and the size increases.
Interpretation Introduction
(c)
Interpretation:
The species that is larger between the given pair is to be predicted and explanation for the correct choice is to be stated.
Concept Introduction:
Compounds formed from ions are known as ionic compounds. The compound consists of the cation and anion. Cation is the positively charged ion and anion is negatively charged ion.
Cations are always smaller than the atoms from which they are formed because they have lesser number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the force of attraction between protons and electrons increases size decreases.
Anions are always larger than the atoms from which they are formed because they have more number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the repulsion between the electrons increases, the force of attraction between protons and electrons, decreases, and the size increases.
Interpretation Introduction
(d)
Interpretation:
The species that is larger between the given pair is to be predicted and explanation for the correct choice is to be stated.
Concept Introduction:
Cations are always smaller than the atoms from which they are formed because they have lesser number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the force of attraction between protons and electrons increases size decreases.
Anions are always larger than the atoms from which they are formed because they have more number of electrons than the parent atom due to which the repulsion between the electrons increases, the force of attraction between protons and electrons, decreases, and the size increases.
Q8. Draw the mechanism for this halogenation reaction. Show all steps including initiation,
propagation, and recombination.
Cl₂, hv
CI
Br
Br2, hv, heat
Q6. Given the following alkanes, draw the most likely product to form upon monohalogenation
with Br2 (keep in mind that this may not be the only product to form though). If the reaction was
performed with Cl2 would there be more or less selectivity in the desired product formation?
Why?
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q4. Radicals
a. For the following indicated bonds, rank them in order of decreasing AH° for homolytic
cleavage. Based on your answer, which bond would be most likely to break homolytically?
(c)
CH3
CH3
H3C
CH3
(a)
CH3
(b)
Chapter 12 Solutions
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