(a)
Interpretation: The factors on which the value of the rate constant depends are to be identified from the given options.
Concept introduction: The
The constant
(b)
Interpretation: The factors on which the value of the rate constant depends are to be identified from the given options.
Concept introduction: The rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. For a reaction,
The constant
(c)
Interpretation: The factors on which the value of the rate constant depends are to be identified from the given options.
Concept introduction: The rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. For a reaction,
The constant
(d)
Interpretation: The factors on which the value of the rate constant depends are to be identified from the given options.
Concept introduction: The rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. For a reaction,
The constant
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EBK CHEMISTRY: AN ATOMS FIRST APPROACH
- use the kineticmolecular theory to explain why an increase in temperature increases reaction rate.arrow_forward. Account for the increase in reaction rate brought about by a catalyst.arrow_forward. What does the activation energy for a reaction represent? How is the activation energy related to whether a collision between molecules is successful?arrow_forward
- How does an increase in temperature affect rate of reaction? Explain this effect in terms of the collision theory of the reaction rate.arrow_forwardSubstances that poison a catalyst pose a major concern for many engineering designs, including those for catalytic converters. One design option is to add materials that react with potential poisons before they reach the catalyst. Among the commonly encountered catalyst poisons are silicon and phosphorus, which typically form phosphate or silicate ions in the oxidizing environment of an engine. Group 2 elements are added to the catalyst to react with these contaminants before they reach the working portion of the catalytic converter. If estimates show that a catalytic converter will be exposed to 625 g of silicon during its lifetime, what mass of beryllium would need to be included in the design?arrow_forwardConsider the following statements: In general, the rate of a chemical reaction increases a bit at first because it takes a while for the reaction to get warmed up. After that, however, the rate of the reaction decreases because its rate is dependent on the concentrations of the reactants, and these are decreasing. Indicate everything that is correct in these statements, and indicate everything that is incorrect. Correct the incorrect statements and explain.arrow_forward
- A reaction is started by mixing reactants. As time passes, the rate decreases. Explain this behavior that is characteristic of most reactions.arrow_forwardBased on the diagrams in Exercise 12.83, which of the reactions has the fastest rate? Which has the slowest rate?arrow_forwardOne of the concerns about the use of Freons is that they will migrate to the upper atmosphere, where chlorine atoms can be generated by the following reaction: CCl2F2(g)Freon-12hvCF2Cl(g)+Cl(g) Chlorine atoms can act as a catalyst for the destruction of ozone. The activation energy for the reaction Cl(g) + O3(g) ClO(g) + O2(g) Is 2.1 kJ/mol. Which is the more effective catalyst for the destruction of ozone, Cl or NO? (See Exercise 75.)arrow_forward
- a What happens to a reaction rate as temperature drops? Give two explanations for the change. State which one is more important and explain why. b How does a catalyst affect reaction rates? c Compare reaction rates when a given reactant concentration is high with the rate when the concentration is low. Explain the difference.arrow_forwardBy which of the following mechanisms does a catalyst operate? a. It decreases the activation energy barrier for a reaction. b. It serves as a reactant and is consumed. c. It increases the temperature of a reaction. d. It increases the concentration of reactants.arrow_forwardDefine these terms: (a) unimolecular reaction (b) bimolecular reaction (c) elementary reaction (d) overall reactionarrow_forward
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