CAMPBELL BIOLOGY MOD MASTERING (18 WEEK)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780136920335
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 11, Problem 7TYU
Summary Introduction
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) process. In this process, phosphate groups are added to particular amino acid residues on proteins. This PTM has the potential to alter the stability, subcellular localization, and enzymatic activity of proteins with diverse roles in cells.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Select statements that accurately describe receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs).
Some RTKs are dimeric in the presence of a ligand.
GTPase activity is required for autophosphorylation (cross-phosphorylation).
The structure includes a transmembrane helix.
The intracellular domain has kinase domains.
The a subunit contains seven a helices that span the membrane.
A ligand binds to the extracellular domain.
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are two basic receptor types by which cells
transduce signals. Classify each statement as describing GPCRs, RTKs, both types of receptors, or neither.
GPCRs
structure contains seven
transmembrane helices
activate heterotrimeric G
proteins directly
transports some ligands
through the membrane
an example is the
epinephrine receptor
RTKs
Both
receptor activation causes
phosphorylation of its
cytosolic subunits
phosphorylation of receptor can
an example is the
terminate signal or
insulin receptor
desensitize receptor
autophosphorylation of
receptor can initiate signal
ligand binding induces conformational change in receptor
Incorrect Answer
Answer Bank
Neither
. which of the following statements about heterotrimetric G proteins and their receptors is incorrect?
A: when GTP binds to the alpha subunit of the G protein, the beta-gamma subunit dissociates from the alpha subunit
B: G-protein coupled receptors contain nine transmembrane alpha helices
C: binding of arrestin causes removal of the receptor from the membrane
D: G protein- coupled receptors may be desensitized by serine phosphorylation
I had chosen option A and got it wrong. What is the Correct answer and explain how it is. Also, where did i go wrong in choosing option A?
Chapter 11 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY MOD MASTERING (18 WEEK)
Ch. 11.1 - Explain how signaling is involved in ensuring that...Ch. 11.1 - In liver cells, glycogen Phosphorylase acts in...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 11.2 - WHAT IF? What would the effect be if a cell made...Ch. 11.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How is ligand binding similar to...Ch. 11.3 - What is a protein kinase, and what is its role in...Ch. 11.3 - When a signal transduction pathway involves a...Ch. 11.3 - What is the actual signal that is being transduced...Ch. 11.3 - WHAT IF? If you exposed a cell to a ligand that...
Ch. 11.4 - How can a targct cell's response to a single...Ch. 11.4 - WHAT IF? If two cells have different scaffolding...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 11.5 - Give an example of apoptosis during embryonic...Ch. 11.5 - WH AT IF? If apoptosis occurred when it should...Ch. 11 - What determines whether a cell responds to a...Ch. 11 - How are the structures of a GPCR and an RTK...Ch. 11 - What is the difference between a protein kinase...Ch. 11 - What mechanisms in the cell terminale its response...Ch. 11 - What is an explanation for the similarities...Ch. 11 - Binding of a signaling molecule to which type of...Ch. 11 - The activation of receptor tyrosinc kinases is...Ch. 11 - Lipid-soluble signaling molecules, such as...Ch. 11 - Consider this pathway: epinephrine G...Ch. 11 - Apoptosis involves all but which of the following?...Ch. 11 - Which Observation suggestcd to Sutherland the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 11 - DRAW IT Draw the following apoptotic pathway,...Ch. 11 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Identify the evolutlonary...Ch. 11 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 11 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY The aging process...Ch. 11 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION The properties...Ch. 11 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE There are five basic...
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Similar questions
- urgntarrow_forwardCompare and contrast signaling via G-protein coupled receptor, receptor tyrosine kinases, nuclear receptor. Please name at least one ligand/receptor for each pathway. Also describe the 'fast' and 'slow' responses mediated by ligand bindingarrow_forwardWhich of the following are activated either directly or indirectly by a heterotrimeric G protein subunit (select all that apply)? O IP, receptor O PIP3-dependent protein kinase O Protein Kinase A O Akt O Phospholipase C O Adenylyl cyclase O Phosphoinositide 3-kinasearrow_forward
- Histamine is a chemical substance released in inflammatory and allergic response. The histamine H1 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor that activates phospholipase C in response to the binding of histamine. Arrange the data below showing the process of histamine signal transduction from the H1 receptor. Calcium ions flow through ligand-gated ion channel. Phosphorylation cascade leads to the activation of a cellular response. Calcioum ions activate a protein, leading to a cellular response. Enzyme cleaves PIP2, forming DAG and IP3. Calcium iom concentration increases in the cytosol. IP3 binds to a ligand-gated ion channel in thw ER membrane.arrow_forwardWhich of the following residues cannot be phosphorylated by a protein kinase? Ser His Thr Tyr Gluarrow_forwardIn the regulation of enzyme activity by phosphorylation (as discussed in class), the introduction of phosphate to the enzyme being controlled: requires a protein phosphatase enzyme but not ATP requires a protein phosphatase enzyme plus ATP O requires a protein kinase enzyme but not ATP O requires a protein kinase enzyme plus ATParrow_forward
- An SH2-containing protein contains a mutation that changes its binding pocket such that tyrosine and phosphotyrosine bind with equal affinity. As a result, MEK activity: does not change with receptor dimerization and transautophosphorylation decreases due to changes in Raf activation increases with ligand binding-induced dimerization decreases due to allosteric inhibition of SH2-domain bindingarrow_forwardCholera toxins, produced by the pathogenic bacteria Vibrio cholerae, disrupt G Protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR) signaling pathways. They interfere with... the ability of the beta subunit of a G protein to bind to the GPCR the ability of the gamma subunit of a G protein to exchange GDP for GTP the ability of the beta subunit of a G protein to bind to an effector protein the ability of the alpha subunit of a G protein to hydrolyze GTP to GDParrow_forwardChoose 1 or more than 1 Which of the following statements applies to G proteins? G protein-coupled receptors transduce signal from outside to inside the cell. G proteins are in the Golgi apparatus as indicated by their name. G proteins have a similar structure. G proteins activate transduction cascades leading to cell responses. G proteins are the targets of medicinal drugs..arrow_forward
- The G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) pathway elicits diverse intracellular responses in different cells. The basic steps of GPCR signaling are outlined in this diagram. Which of the following statements correctly describes the process of GPCR signaling? The GPCR activation is reversible after the signal of the ligand diminishes. The membrane-embedded enzyme uses GTP as a secondary messenger to initiate gene expression. The ligand attaches to both the GPCR and the membrane-embedded enzyme to activate the GPCR pathway. The ligand-bound GPCR sends a GTP molecule to an enzyme in the membrane and switches it into an active state.arrow_forwardWhat G-protein-coupled pathway results in an increase in intracellular calcium? O G-alpha, G-alphas O G-alpha, O the shortcut pathway O G-alphaarrow_forwardCytokine receptors and tyrosine kinase receptors are similar in all of the following ways EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception? O They are both down-regulated by lysosomal degradation They both involve receptor exoplasmic domain dimerization They both result in an effector protein entering the nucleus O They both involve cytosolic domain phosphorylationarrow_forward
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