Chapter 11, Problem 78E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The amount of Sodium chloride required to prepare $\text{1}\text{.0}\text{L}$ aqueous solution of Sodium chloride has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

When a semi-permeable membrane, separates a solution and pure solvent. The solvent molecules are passed through the semi permeable membrane. There is gradual increase in the volume of solution with a decrease in volume of the solvent with respect to time. The flow of solvent through a semi-permeable membrane into the solution is called as osmosis. By the time system reaches equilibrium, the changes in the liquid level stops. There is a higher hydrostatic pressure on the solution than compared to that of the pure solvent because there is variation in the liquid levels at this point. The excess pressure on the solution is called osmotic pressure.

The osmotic pressure of solution is calculated by using,

$\pi \text{=MRT}$

Here,

$\pi \text{=}\text{osmotic}\text{pressure(in atm)}$

$\text{M=molarity}\text{of}\text{solution(in}\text{M)}$

$\text{R=}\text{Gas}\text{Law}\text{constant L}\text{atm}$

$\text{T=Temperature(in}\text{K)}$