Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN: 9781133611097

Author: Steven S. Zumdahl

Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Solutions can be considered as homogeneous mixtures which contain two or more than two chemical substances. The chemical substance which is the greater part is defined as solvent. And the chemical substance that is dissolved in a solvent is referred to a…

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Textbook Question

Chapter 11, Problem 47E

Rationalize the trend in water solubility for the following simple alcohols:

Alcohol	Solubility (g/100 g H₂O at 20°C)
Methanol, CH₃OH	Soluble in all proportions
Ethanol, CH₃CH₂OH	Soluble in all proportions
Propanol, CH₃CH₂CH₂OH	Soluble in all proportions
Butanol, CH₃(CH₂)₂CH₂OH	8.14
Pentanol. CH₃(CH₂)₃CH₂OH	2.64
Hexanol, CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₂OH	0.59
Heptanol, CH₃(CH₂)₅CH₂OH	0.09

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Chapter 11 Solutions

Chemistry

Ch. 11 - Prob. 1RQ Ch. 11 - Using KF as an example, write equations that refer...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3RQ Ch. 11 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 11 - Define the terms in Raoults law. Figure 10-9...Ch. 11 - In terms of Raoults law, distinguish between an...Ch. 11 - Vapor-pressure lowering is a colligative property,...Ch. 11 - What is osmotic pressure? How is osmotic pressure...Ch. 11 - Distinguish between a strong electrolyte, a weak...Ch. 11 - Prob. 10RQ

Ch. 11 - Prob. 1ALQ Ch. 11 - Once again, consider Fig. 10-9. Suppose instead of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3ALQ Ch. 11 - Prob. 4ALQ Ch. 11 - You have read that adding a solute to a solvent...Ch. 11 - You drop an ice cube (made from pure water) into a...Ch. 11 - Using the phase diagram for water and Raoults law,...Ch. 11 - You and your friend are each drinking cola from...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9ALQ Ch. 11 - Prob. 10ALQ Ch. 11 - Rubbing alcohol contains 585 g isopropanol...Ch. 11 - Prob. 12SR Ch. 11 - Prob. 13SR Ch. 11 - Prob. 14SR Ch. 11 - Calculate the sodium ion concentration when 70.0...Ch. 11 - Write equations showing the ions present after the...Ch. 11 - Rationalize the temperature dependence of the...Ch. 11 - The weak electrolyte NH3(g) does not obey Henrys...Ch. 11 - The two beakers in the sealed container...Ch. 11 - The following plot shows the vapor pressure of...Ch. 11 - When pure methanol is mixed with water, the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 22Q Ch. 11 - For an acid or a base, when is the normality of a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 24Q Ch. 11 - Prob. 25Q Ch. 11 - Prob. 26Q Ch. 11 - Explain the terms isotonic solution, crenation,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 28Q Ch. 11 - Prob. 29E Ch. 11 - Prob. 30E Ch. 11 - Common commercial acids and bases are aqueous...Ch. 11 - In lab you need to prepare at least 100 mL of each...Ch. 11 - Prob. 33E Ch. 11 - Prob. 34E Ch. 11 - Prob. 35E Ch. 11 - Calculate the molarity and mole fraction of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 37E Ch. 11 - Prob. 38E Ch. 11 - Prob. 39E Ch. 11 - a. Use the following data to calculate the...Ch. 11 - Although Al(OH)3 is insoluble in water, NaOH is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 42E Ch. 11 - Prob. 43E Ch. 11 - Prob. 44E Ch. 11 - For each of the following pairs, predict which...Ch. 11 - Which ion in each of the following pairs would you...Ch. 11 - Rationalize the trend in water solubility for the...Ch. 11 - In flushing and cleaning columns used in liquid...Ch. 11 - The solubility of nitrogen in water is 8.21 104...Ch. 11 - Calculate the solubility of O2 in water at a...Ch. 11 - Glycerin, C3H8O3, is a nonvolatile liquid. What is...Ch. 11 - The vapor pressure of a solution containing 53.6 g...Ch. 11 - The normal boiling point of diethyl ether is...Ch. 11 - At a certain temperature, the vapor pressure of...Ch. 11 - A solution is made by dissolving 25.8 g urea...Ch. 11 - A solution of sodium chloride in water has a vapor...Ch. 11 - Prob. 57E Ch. 11 - A solution is prepared by mixing 0.0300 mole of...Ch. 11 - What is the composition of a methanol...Ch. 11 - Benzene and toluene form an ideal solution....Ch. 11 - Which of the following will have the lowest total...Ch. 11 - Prob. 62E Ch. 11 - Match the vapor pressure diagrams with the...Ch. 11 - The vapor pressures of several solutions of...Ch. 11 - A solution is prepared by dissolving 27.0 g urea,...Ch. 11 - A 2.00-g sample of a large biomolecule was...Ch. 11 - What mass of glycerin (C3H8O3), a nonelectrolyte,...Ch. 11 - The freezing point of 1-butanol is 25.50C and Kf...Ch. 11 - Prob. 69E Ch. 11 - What volume of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2), a...Ch. 11 - Reserpine is a natural product isolated from the...Ch. 11 - A solution contains 3.75 g of a nonvolatile pure...Ch. 11 - a. Calculate the freezing-point depression and...Ch. 11 - Erythrocytes are red blood cells containing...Ch. 11 - Prob. 75E Ch. 11 - Prob. 76E Ch. 11 - Prob. 77E Ch. 11 - Prob. 78E Ch. 11 - Consider the following solutions: 0.010 m Na3PO4...Ch. 11 - From the following: pure water solution of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 81E Ch. 11 - Prob. 82E Ch. 11 - Prob. 83E Ch. 11 - Consider the following representations of an ionic...Ch. 11 - Prob. 85E Ch. 11 - Prob. 86E Ch. 11 - Use the following data for three aqueous solutions...Ch. 11 - The freezing-point depression of a 0.091-m...Ch. 11 - Prob. 89E Ch. 11 - A 0.500-g sample of a compound is dissolved in...Ch. 11 - The solubility of benzoic acid (HC7H5O2), is 0.34...Ch. 11 - Prob. 92AE Ch. 11 - In Exercise 96 in Chapter 8, the pressure of CO2...Ch. 11 - Explain the following on the basis of the behavior...Ch. 11 - The term proof is defined as twice the percent by...Ch. 11 - Prob. 97AE Ch. 11 - Prob. 98AE Ch. 11 - A solution is made by mixing 50.0 g acetone...Ch. 11 - Prob. 100AE Ch. 11 - Thyroxine, an important hormone that controls the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 102AE Ch. 11 - An unknown compound contains only carbon,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 104AE Ch. 11 - Prob. 105AE Ch. 11 - Prob. 106AE Ch. 11 - Prob. 107AE Ch. 11 - Prob. 108AE Ch. 11 - Patients undergoing an upper gastrointestinal...Ch. 11 - Prob. 110CWP Ch. 11 - The lattice energy of NaCl is 786 kJ/mol, and the...Ch. 11 - For each of the following pairs, predict which...Ch. 11 - The normal boiling point of methanol is 64.7C. A...Ch. 11 - A solution is prepared by mixing 1.000 mole of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 115CWP Ch. 11 - A 4.7 102 mg sample of a protein is dissolved in...Ch. 11 - A solid consists of a mixture of NaNO3 and...Ch. 11 - The vapor pressure of pure benzene is 750.0 torr...Ch. 11 - Prob. 119CP Ch. 11 - Plants that thrive in salt water must have...Ch. 11 - You make 20.0 g of a sucrose (C12H22O11) and NaCl...Ch. 11 - Prob. 122CP Ch. 11 - The vapor in equilibrium with a pentane-hexane...Ch. 11 - A forensic chemist is given a white solid that is...Ch. 11 - A 1.60-g sample of a mixture of naphthalene...Ch. 11 - Prob. 126CP Ch. 11 - Prob. 127CP Ch. 11 - You have a solution of two volatile liquids, A and...Ch. 11 - In some regions of the southwest United States,...Ch. 11 - Creatinine, C4H7N3O, is a by-product of muscle...Ch. 11 - An aqueous solution containing 0.250 mole of Q, a...Ch. 11 - Anthraquinone contains only carbon, hydrogen, and...

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