Chapter 11, Problem 64AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Two elements, chlorine and bromine are given. The element with higher electronegativity has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

An electronegativity of an atom gives information about the strength that the atom has for attracting a pair of shared electrons.  The greater the attraction for a pair of shared electrons when the electronegativity value is high. 

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Two elements are given. The element with higher first ionization energy has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Ionization energy:

The amount of energy required to remove an electron from the atom is known ionization energy.  If the first electron from outermost orbital is removed then it will be first ionization energy and, if the second electron is removed then it will be second ionization energy.

For example,

  $\text{Na}\text{+}\text{Ionization}\text{energy}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}\text{+}\text{e}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Two elements $CaorC$ are given. The element with lower electronegativity has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part (a).