Anatomy & Physiology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321861580
Author: Marieb, Elaine N.
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 15RQ
(a) What is myelin? (b) How does the myelination process differ in the CNS and PNS?
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Myelin in the CNS is produced by (a) astrocytes, (b) microglial cells, (c) oligodendrocytes, (d) ependymal cells.
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Neurons typically receive information at structures called
Question 1 options:
A)
Myelin
B)
Dendrites
C)
Neuroglia
D)
Axons
E)
Axon hillocks
Chapter 11 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 11 - What is meant by integration, and does it...Ch. 11 - Which subdivision of the PNS is involved in (a)...Ch. 11 - Which type of neuroglia controls the extracellular...Ch. 11 - Which two types of neuroglia form insulating...Ch. 11 - MAKING CONNECTIONS Which part of the neuron is its...Ch. 11 - How does a nucleus within the brain differ from a...Ch. 11 - How is a myelin sheath formed in the CNS, and what...Ch. 11 - Which structural and functional type of neuron is...Ch. 11 - For an open channel, what factors determine in...Ch. 11 - For which cation is there the greatest amount of...
Ch. 11 - Which is bigger, a graded potential or an action...Ch. 11 - An action potential does not get smaller as it...Ch. 11 - Why does a myelinated axon conduct action...Ch. 11 - If an axon receives two stimuli close together in...Ch. 11 - What structure joins two neurons at an electrical...Ch. 11 - Events at a chemical synapse usually involve...Ch. 11 - Which ions flow through chemically gated channels...Ch. 11 - Prob. 18CYUCh. 11 - Prob. 19CYUCh. 11 - Why is cyclic AMP called a second messenger?Ch. 11 - Which types of neural circuits would give a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 22CYUCh. 11 - What pattern of neural processing occurs when we...Ch. 11 - Which of the following structures is not part of...Ch. 11 - Match the names of the supporting cells found in...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3RQCh. 11 - Assume that an EPSP is being generated on the...Ch. 11 - The velocity of nerve impulse conduction is...Ch. 11 - Chemical synapses are characterized by all of the...Ch. 11 - Biogenic amine neurotransmitters include all but...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8RQCh. 11 - Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by poisoning...Ch. 11 - Prob. 10RQCh. 11 - An IPSP is inhibitory because (a) it...Ch. 11 - Identify the neuronal circuits described by...Ch. 11 - Explain both the anatomical and functional...Ch. 11 - (a) Describe the composition and function of the...Ch. 11 - (a) What is myelin? (b) How does the myelination...Ch. 11 - (a) Contrast unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar...Ch. 11 - What is the polarized membrane state? How is it...Ch. 11 - Describe the events that must occur to generate an...Ch. 11 - Prob. 19RQCh. 11 - (a) Explain the difference between an EPSP and an...Ch. 11 - Since at any moment a neuron is likely to have...Ch. 11 - The effects of neurotransmitter binding are very...Ch. 11 - Prob. 23RQCh. 11 - Prob. 24RQCh. 11 - Elaine Sawyer, 35, was on her way to the local...Ch. 11 - Elaine Sawyer, 35, was on her way to the local...Ch. 11 - Elaine Sawyer, 35, was on her way to the local...Ch. 11 - Elaine Sawyer, 35, was on her way to the local...Ch. 11 - Elaine Sawyer, 35, was on her way to the local...
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- A new drug is developed that prevents the demyelination occurring in the progress of multiple sclerosis. The drug protects the cells responsible for the synthesis and maintenance of myelin in the central nervous system. These cells are most likely which of the following? (A) Astrocyte (B) Ependymal cell (C) Microglial cell Oligodendrocyte (E) Schwann cellarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true regarding the difference between graded and action potentials? a.) Action potential occur only when the surface of the neuron is myelinated, but graded potentials occur in both in both myelinated and non-myelinated neurons. b.) The magnitude of action potential depends on the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas graded potentials are all or none. c.) The magnitude of graded potential depends on the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas action potentials are all or none.arrow_forward(a) Contrast unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar neurons structurally. (b) Indicate where each is most likely to be found.arrow_forward
- The loss of positive ions from the interior of a neuron produces, (a) depolarization. (b) threshold. (c) hyperpolarization. (d) an action potential.arrow_forwardWhich of the following glial cells provide myelin in the central nervous system?arrow_forwardMatch the names of the cells in column B with the function they perform, shown in column A.Column A Column B(1) line the central cavity of the brain (a) astrocytes(2) form myelin in the CNS (b) ependymal cells(3) form myelin in the PNS (c) microglial cells(4) remove neurotransmitters in the CNS (d) oligodendrocytes(5) regulate ionic composition of thefluid around neurons in the CNS (e) satellite cells (f) Schwann cells(6) CNS phagocytesarrow_forward
- What is the functional advantage of myelination?arrow_forwardSaltatory conduction is a term applied to the "jumping" movement of action potentials Multiple Choice a) along the postsynaptic membrane from dendrite to axon hillock. b) along myelinated axons. c) from one neuron to another. d) in two directions at the same time. e) across electrical synapses.arrow_forwardNeurons are highly specialized cells whose form matches their function. They are highly elongated cells that conduct [Select ] a. ["electrical", b. "chemical"] signals across large distances, and [ Select ] ["chemical", b. "electrical"] a. signals across tiny spaces between neurons called [ Select ] a. ["hillocks", b. "Summations", c. "synapses"] . Neurons use vast amounts of energy to maintain the [Select] a. ["polarization", b."resting membrane potential", c. "action potential through the actions of [ Select ] a. ["sodium-potassium pumps", b."voltage-gated sodium channels", c."voltage-gated potassium channels"] . In doing so both sodium and potassium are trafficked against their concentration gradients leading to high concentrations of sodium [Select ] a. ["inside" , b. "outside"] the cell, and high concentrations of potassium [ Select ]arrow_forward
- Both electrical and chemical synapses trigger passage of ions across the post-synaptic membrane. (i) Which one of these synapses also allows passage of molecules other than ions across the post-synaptic membrane? (ii) What purpose does an electrical synapse serve? A. Electrical synapse; (ii) dissociate neuronal firing among a group of neurons B. Chemical synapse, (ii) to synthesize IP3 C. (i) Chemical synapse, (ii) slow neurotransmission D. Chemical synapse, (ii) silence neuronal firing O E. (i) Electrical synapse, (ii) fast neurotransmission for synchronized firingarrow_forwardThe myelin sheath is produced around axons in the PNS by (a) ganglia (b) neuron cell bodies (c) dendrites (d) Schwann cells (e) oligodendrocytesarrow_forwardThe opening of potassium (K+) channels on dendrites of a postsynaptic neuron will have what effect? A) Depolarization B) EPSP C) Hyperpolarization D) IPSP E) Both A and B are correct F) Both C and D are correctarrow_forward
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