In terms of distance alpha particles and beta particles can travel, they both has to be contrasted. Concept Introduction: Naturally occurring radioactive emissions are alpha particle, beta particle and gamma rays. They all differ in the penetration power into a matter and cause ionization. Alpha particles possess more mass. Hence alpha particles are slow that is involved in the decay process. Due to this they have low penetrating power. They cannot penetrate the body’s outer layer of skin itself. Beta particles are not as heavy as alpha particle. They are emitted from the radionuclide with a greater velocity. Due to this greater velocity they have high penetrating power than the alpha particle. Gamma radiation has the velocity equal to that of light. With this great velocity, gamma rays can penetrate organs, tissues, and even bones. They do not form a great number of ion pairs as compared to alpha and beta particles. Therefore, the radiation that has less penetration is alpha particle. The radiation that has more penetrating power is gamma rays.

Question

Calculate the flux of oxygen between the ocean and the atmosphere, given that: Temp = 18°C Salinity = 35 ppt Density = 1025 kg/m3 Oxygen concentration measured in bulk water = 263.84 mmol/m3 Wind speed = 7.4 m/s Oxygen is observed to be about 10% initially supersaturated

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Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.63EP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

In terms of distance alpha particles and beta particles can travel, they both has to be contrasted.

Concept Introduction:

Naturally occurring radioactive emissions are alpha particle, beta particle and gamma rays. They all differ in the penetration power into a matter and cause ionization.

Alpha particles possess more mass. Hence alpha particles are slow that is involved in the decay process. Due to this they have low penetrating power. They cannot penetrate the body’s outer layer of skin itself.

Beta particles are not as heavy as alpha particle. They are emitted from the radionuclide with a greater velocity. Due to this greater velocity they have high penetrating power than the alpha particle.

Gamma radiation has the velocity equal to that of light. With this great velocity, gamma rays can penetrate organs, tissues, and even bones. They do not form a great number of ion pairs as compared to alpha and beta particles. Therefore, the radiation that has less penetration is alpha particle. The radiation that has more penetrating power is gamma rays.

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