
Concept explainers
Consider two x-polarized waves that counter-propagate along the z axis. The wave traveling in the forward z direction is of frequency ω1; the backward z propagating wave is at frequency ω 1, where ω < ω1. Both frequencies are very slightly detuned on either side of their mean frequency, ω 0: such that ω0 - ω1 = ω1 – ω0 <<1. Using the complex field forms, construct the expression for the total electric field, and from this, find the power density distribution (proportional to EE* ). Your answer should be in the form of a '’standing wave" that in fact moves slowly along the z axis. Find an expression for the velocity of the wave pattern in terms of given or known parameters. Does the pattern move in the forward or backward z direction?

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Chapter 11 Solutions
Engineering Electromagnetics
- Use the ramp generator circuit in Fig. B2a to generate the waveform shown in Fig. B2b. Write four equations relating resistors R1, R2, R3, capacitor C and voltages Vs, VR and VA.to the waveform parameters T₁, T, Vcm and Vm- If R = R2 = R3, R₁ = 2R, C = 1 nF, Vcm = 2 V and Vm = 1 V, T₁ = 2 μs and T = 10 μs solve for the values of R, Vs, VR and VA using your equations from part a(i). VR C +VA R3 V₂ Vo мат R1 VsO+ V₁ R₂ Figure B2a Vout Vcm+Vm Vcm Vcm-Vm 0 T₁ T 2T time Figure B2barrow_forwardThe circuit in Figure B1a is a common analogue circuit block. Explain why you would need such a circuit. Draw another circuit in which you use the current flowing in this loop to bias a common source amplifier. This circuit is not ideal for standard CMOS technologies due to threshold shift. Why? Draw an improved version of this circuit to make it better. VDD (W)P MA M3. (), REF (쁜)~ M₁ M2 lout 시~ Rsarrow_forward23bcarrow_forward
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