Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305079243
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 10RQ
Give the Arrhenius equation. Take the natural log of both sides and place this equation in the form of a straight-line equation (y = mx + b). What data would you need and how would you graph those data to get a linear relationship using the Arrhenius equation? What does the slope of the straight line equal? What does the y-intercept equal? What are the units of R in the Arrhenius equation? Explain how if you know the rate constant value at two different temperatures, you can determine the activation energy for the reaction.
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In a chemical reaction, X reacts to produce Y:
3X → 2Y
The concentrations of X and Y are measured with time:
t/s: 0.00 1.00 2.00 4.00 8.00 16.0
X/M: 1.000 0.705 0.526 0.352 0.264 0.250
Y/M: 0.000 0.197 0.316 0.432 0.491 0.500
The concentration of reactant X varies with time:
X = (X0 – XF) e–kt + XF
The concentration of product Y varies with time:
Y = (YF – Y0) (1 – e–kt)
What is the rate constant k for the reaction?
Question 18 options:
k = 0.33
k = 0.25
k = 0.50
What is amount of Y produced after 3.00 s?
Question 19 options:
0.375 M
0.388 M
0.362 M
At what time does the concentration of X become 0.5 M?
Question 20 options:
2.1 s
2.2 s
2.3 s
* Question Completion Status:
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Question 5
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An untreated sugar cube does not burn very well when held over a lighted match. A sugar cube coated with cigarette ash readily ignites and burns. All of the cigarette ash
remains unchanged after the reaction, but the sugar is burned completely. Manufacturers of cigarettes add chemicals that support burnung into the cigarettes. The factor that
caused this change in rate is the
☐ a. presence of a catalyst in the ash
, increase in surface area
○ b.i
c. nature of reactants
d. increase in concentration
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Ch. 11 - Define reaction rate. Distinguish between the...Ch. 11 - Distinguish between the differential rate law and...Ch. 11 - One experimental procedure that can be used to...Ch. 11 - The initial rate for a reaction is equal to the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5RQCh. 11 - Derive expressions for the half-life of zero-,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7RQCh. 11 - Prob. 8RQCh. 11 - Prob. 9RQCh. 11 - Give the Arrhenius equation. Take the natural log...
Ch. 11 - Why does a catalyst increase the rate of a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1ALQCh. 11 - Describe at least two experiments you could...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3ALQCh. 11 - Prob. 4ALQCh. 11 - Consider the following statements: In general, the...Ch. 11 - For the reaction A + B C, explain at least two...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7ALQCh. 11 - Prob. 8ALQCh. 11 - Prob. 9ALQCh. 11 - Prob. 10QCh. 11 - Prob. 11QCh. 11 - The plot below shows the number of collisions with...Ch. 11 - For the reaction O2(g)+2NO(g)2NO2(g) the observed...Ch. 11 - Prob. 14QCh. 11 - Prob. 15QCh. 11 - Prob. 16QCh. 11 - Prob. 17QCh. 11 - Prob. 18QCh. 11 - Prob. 19QCh. 11 - Consider the following energy plots for a chemical...Ch. 11 - Prob. 21QCh. 11 - Would the slope of a ln(k) versus 1/T plot (with...Ch. 11 - Prob. 23ECh. 11 - In the Haber process for the production of...Ch. 11 - At 40C, H2O2 (aq) will decompose according to the...Ch. 11 - Consider the general reaction aA+bBcC and the...Ch. 11 - What are the units for each of the following if...Ch. 11 - The rate law for the reaction...Ch. 11 - The reaction 2NO(g)+Cl2(g)2NOCl(g) was studied at...Ch. 11 - The reaction 2I-(aq)+S2O82-(aq)I2(aq)+2SO42-(aq)...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of nitrosyl chloride was...Ch. 11 - The following data were obtained for the gas-phase...Ch. 11 - The reaction I(aq)+OCl(aq)IO(aq)+Cl(aq) was...Ch. 11 - The reaction 2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g) was studied. and...Ch. 11 - The rote of the reaction between hemoglobin (Hb)...Ch. 11 - The following data were obtained for the reaction...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide was...Ch. 11 - Prob. 38ECh. 11 - The rate of the reaction NO2(g)+CO(g)NO(g)+CO2(g)...Ch. 11 - A certain reaction has the following general form:...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of ethanol (C2H5OH) on an...Ch. 11 - Prob. 42ECh. 11 - The dimerization of butadiene 2C4H6(g)C8H12(g) was...Ch. 11 - The rate of the reaction O(g)+NO2(g)NO(g)+O2(g)...Ch. 11 - Experimental data for the reaction A2B+C have been...Ch. 11 - Prob. 46ECh. 11 - The reaction AB+C is known to be zero order in A...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of hydrogen iodide on finely...Ch. 11 - Prob. 49ECh. 11 - A first-order reaction is 75.0% complete in 320....Ch. 11 - The rate law for the decomposition of phosphine...Ch. 11 - DDT (molar mass = 354.49 g/mol) was a widely used...Ch. 11 - Consider the following initial rate data for the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 54ECh. 11 - Prob. 55ECh. 11 - Prob. 56ECh. 11 - You and a coworker have developed a molecule...Ch. 11 - Consider the hypothetical reaction A+B+2C2D+3E...Ch. 11 - Prob. 59ECh. 11 - A possible mechanism for the decomposition of...Ch. 11 - A proposed mechanism for a reaction is...Ch. 11 - The mechanism for the gas-phase reaction of...Ch. 11 - For the following reaction profile, indicate a....Ch. 11 - Draw a rough sketch of the energy profile for each...Ch. 11 - Prob. 65ECh. 11 - The activation energy for some reaction...Ch. 11 - The rate constant for the gas-phase decomposition...Ch. 11 - The reaction (CH3)3CBr+OH(CH3)3COH+Br in a certain...Ch. 11 - Prob. 69ECh. 11 - A first-order reaction has rate constants of 4.6 ...Ch. 11 - Prob. 71ECh. 11 - Prob. 72ECh. 11 - Which of the following reactions would you expect...Ch. 11 - Prob. 74ECh. 11 - One mechanism for the destruction of ozone in the...Ch. 11 - One of the concerns about the use of Freons is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 77ECh. 11 - The decomposition of NH3 to N2 and H2 was studied...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of many substances on the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 80ECh. 11 - Prob. 81ECh. 11 - Prob. 82ECh. 11 - Consider the following representation of the...Ch. 11 - The reaction H2SeO3(aq) + 6I-(aq) + 4H+(aq) Se(s)...Ch. 11 - Prob. 85AECh. 11 - Sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2) decomposes to sulfur...Ch. 11 - For the reaction 2N2O5(g)4NO2(g)+O2(g) the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 88AECh. 11 - Cobra venom helps the snake secure food by binding...Ch. 11 - Iodomethane (CH3I) is a commonly used reagent in...Ch. 11 - Experiments during a recent summer on a number of...Ch. 11 - The activation energy of a certain uncatalyzed...Ch. 11 - Consider the reaction 3A+B+CD+E where the rate law...Ch. 11 - The thiosulfate ion (S2O32) is oxidized by iodine...Ch. 11 - The reaction A(aq)+B(aq)products(aq) was studied,...Ch. 11 - A certain substance, initially present at 0.0800...Ch. 11 - A reaction of the form aAProducts gives a plot of...Ch. 11 - A certain reaction has the form aAProducts At a...Ch. 11 - Which of the following statement(s) is( are) true?...Ch. 11 - Consider the hypothetical reaction A2(g) + B2(g) ...Ch. 11 - Experiments have shown that the average frequency...Ch. 11 - Consider a reaction of the type aA products, in...Ch. 11 - A study was made of the effect of the hydroxide...Ch. 11 - Two isomers (A and B) of a given compound dimerize...Ch. 11 - Prob. 105CPCh. 11 - Most reactions occur by a series of steps. The...Ch. 11 - Prob. 107CPCh. 11 - The decomposition of NO2(g) occurs by the...Ch. 11 - The following data were collected in two studies...Ch. 11 - Prob. 110CPCh. 11 - Prob. 111CPCh. 11 - Prob. 112CPCh. 11 - Sulfuryl chloride undergoes first-order...Ch. 11 - Upon dissolving InCl(s) in HCl, In+(aq) undergoes...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of iodoethane in the gas phase...Ch. 11 - Consider the following reaction: CH3X+YCH3Y+X At...
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