The general type of reaction in each given step of citric acid cycle has to be determined. Concept Introduction: The chemical oxidant has the tendency to oxidize other substances. One the strongest oxidizing agent is potassium permanganate which oxidizes various functional groups like alcohols, aldehydes , oxime and many more. The chemical reaction of potassium permanganate with primary alcohols gives carboxylic acids as the final oxidation product.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem IISP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The general type of reaction in each given step of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical oxidant has the tendency to oxidize other substances. One the strongest oxidizing agent is potassium permanganate which oxidizes various functional groups like alcohols, aldehydes, oxime and many more. The chemical reaction of potassium permanganate with primary alcohols gives carboxylic acids as the final oxidation product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The common thing in the given two steps of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation process in organic compounds takes place in the presence of various oxidizing agents. The process of oxidation can be used to convert the hydroxyl group into ketone.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chiral carbon atom in the given structures has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound the carbon atom that is linked to four different varieties of atoms or groups of atoms is considered as an asymmetric carbon atom which is also referred to as chiral carbon.

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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15% glycerin by weight. If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate; e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt). f. Moles of CO2 evolved. g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed. h. Conversion efficiency. i. Per cent excess of excess reactant. Reactions: Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6 Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2 Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3

Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?

13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule depicted below. Bond B 2°C. +2°C. cleavage Bond A •CH3 + 26.← Cleavage 2°C. + Bond C +3°C• CH3 2C Cleavage E 2°C. 26. weakest bond Intact molecule Strongest 3°C 20. Gund Largest argest a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in appropriate boxes. C Weakest bond A Produces Most Bond Strongest Bond Strongest Gund produces least stable radicals Weakest Stable radical b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A, B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B, and C are all carbon radicals. i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. 13°C. formed in bound C cleavage ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. • CH3 methyl radical Formed in Gund A Cleavage c.…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem IISP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The general type of reaction in each given step of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical oxidant has the tendency to oxidize other substances. One the strongest oxidizing agent is potassium permanganate which oxidizes various functional groups like alcohols, aldehydes, oxime and many more. The chemical reaction of potassium permanganate with primary alcohols gives carboxylic acids as the final oxidation product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The common thing in the given two steps of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation process in organic compounds takes place in the presence of various oxidizing agents. The process of oxidation can be used to convert the hydroxyl group into ketone.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chiral carbon atom in the given structures has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound the carbon atom that is linked to four different varieties of atoms or groups of atoms is considered as an asymmetric carbon atom which is also referred to as chiral carbon.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem IISP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The general type of reaction in each given step of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical oxidant has the tendency to oxidize other substances. One the strongest oxidizing agent is potassium permanganate which oxidizes various functional groups like alcohols, aldehydes, oxime and many more. The chemical reaction of potassium permanganate with primary alcohols gives carboxylic acids as the final oxidation product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The common thing in the given two steps of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation process in organic compounds takes place in the presence of various oxidizing agents. The process of oxidation can be used to convert the hydroxyl group into ketone.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chiral carbon atom in the given structures has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound the carbon atom that is linked to four different varieties of atoms or groups of atoms is considered as an asymmetric carbon atom which is also referred to as chiral carbon.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem IISP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The general type of reaction in each given step of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical oxidant has the tendency to oxidize other substances. One the strongest oxidizing agent is potassium permanganate which oxidizes various functional groups like alcohols, aldehydes, oxime and many more. The chemical reaction of potassium permanganate with primary alcohols gives carboxylic acids as the final oxidation product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The common thing in the given two steps of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation process in organic compounds takes place in the presence of various oxidizing agents. The process of oxidation can be used to convert the hydroxyl group into ketone.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chiral carbon atom in the given structures has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound the carbon atom that is linked to four different varieties of atoms or groups of atoms is considered as an asymmetric carbon atom which is also referred to as chiral carbon.

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem IISP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The general type of reaction in each given step of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical oxidant has the tendency to oxidize other substances. One the strongest oxidizing agent is potassium permanganate which oxidizes various functional groups like alcohols, aldehydes, oxime and many more. The chemical reaction of potassium permanganate with primary alcohols gives carboxylic acids as the final oxidation product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The common thing in the given two steps of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation process in organic compounds takes place in the presence of various oxidizing agents. The process of oxidation can be used to convert the hydroxyl group into ketone.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chiral carbon atom in the given structures has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound the carbon atom that is linked to four different varieties of atoms or groups of atoms is considered as an asymmetric carbon atom which is also referred to as chiral carbon.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem IISP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The general type of reaction in each given step of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical oxidant has the tendency to oxidize other substances. One the strongest oxidizing agent is potassium permanganate which oxidizes various functional groups like alcohols, aldehydes, oxime and many more. The chemical reaction of potassium permanganate with primary alcohols gives carboxylic acids as the final oxidation product.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem IISP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The general type of reaction in each given step of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical oxidant has the tendency to oxidize other substances. One the strongest oxidizing agent is potassium permanganate which oxidizes various functional groups like alcohols, aldehydes, oxime and many more. The chemical reaction of potassium permanganate with primary alcohols gives carboxylic acids as the final oxidation product.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The common thing in the given two steps of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation process in organic compounds takes place in the presence of various oxidizing agents. The process of oxidation can be used to convert the hydroxyl group into ketone.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The common thing in the given two steps of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation process in organic compounds takes place in the presence of various oxidizing agents. The process of oxidation can be used to convert the hydroxyl group into ketone.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chiral carbon atom in the given structures has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound the carbon atom that is linked to four different varieties of atoms or groups of atoms is considered as an asymmetric carbon atom which is also referred to as chiral carbon.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chiral carbon atom in the given structures has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound the carbon atom that is linked to four different varieties of atoms or groups of atoms is considered as an asymmetric carbon atom which is also referred to as chiral carbon.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 10.1 - Heptane, C7H16, can be catalytically reformed to...Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 10.2E Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 10.1PSP Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 10.3E Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 10.4E Ch. 10.4 - Using a table of average bond enthalpies. Table...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.5CE Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.6CE Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.7CE Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.3PSP

Solution Summary: The author explains that the general type of reaction in each step of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept explainers

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Interpretation:

The common thing in the given two steps of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation process in organic compounds takes place in the presence of various oxidizing agents. The process of oxidation can be used to convert the hydroxyl group into ketone.

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Chapter 10 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that the general type of reaction in each step of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation: The common thing in the given two steps of citric acid cycle has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Oxidation process in organic compounds takes place in the presence of various oxidizing agents. The process of oxidation can be used to convert the hydroxyl group into ketone.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 10 Solutions

Interpretation:

The common thing in the given two steps of citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation process in organic compounds takes place in the presence of various oxidizing agents. The process of oxidation can be used to convert the hydroxyl group into ketone.