Introduction:
Drugs that are used to treat the microbial infections are commonly referred to as antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial agents differ in their mode of action, including the inhibitions of cell wall, protein and
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- Describe: a.) the mechanism of action of PF-07321332, the active compound found in the antiviral drug Paxlovid; b.) the viral target that it inhibits; and c.) the product formed. Use schemes where appropriate to support your answer. H H" H NH NH PF-07321332 Farrow_forward72) Herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus are both in the herpes virus family, but of the two, only herpes simplex virus is susceptible to acyclovir. The reason for the differential sensitivity to acyclovir relates to which of the following characteristics of the drug? (A) It causes termination of elongation DNA chains (B) It inhibits herpesviral DNA-dependent DNA polymerase (C) It inhibits herpesviral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (D) It is phosphorylated by herpesvirus-encoded thymidine kinases (E) It is phosphorylated only by cellular thymidine kinasesarrow_forwardTay-Sachs disease is result from a)malfunction of cerebroside metabolism b)the accumulation of GM2 c) a defiency of GM2 d) defective lysosomesarrow_forward
- 1. a)how is it possible for such drugs to selectively kill bacterial cells and not our own cells? b)Provide an example of post-translational regulation of protein activity and explain the advantage of regulating each protein/process at the post-translational level instead of the transcriptional level.arrow_forwardcan you explain why Bacillus anthracis can be pathogenic in a mouse and not be fought off by the immune system? I need help finding the answer in the article and explain in short answer link to article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106848/arrow_forwardWhich of the following statement is false regarding the SARS-CoV-2 protease Mpro? a) Mpro catalyze the translation of viral RNA into polyproteins b) Mpro is an ideal drug target because its structure is largely conserved across the SARS-CoV family c) N3 is an irreversible inhibitor that block the substrate binding site of Mpro d) Mpro forms a dimeric structure and each protomer is composed of three domainsarrow_forward
- ) How three gene mutations contribute to penicillin resistance.arrow_forwardDescribe the mechanism through which oseltamivir (Tamiflu) inhibits influenza virus reproduction.arrow_forwardb. Neurospora has an arginine amino acid synthesis pathway shown below: ornithine citrulline arginine NH H2N H2N OH H2N HO HO NH2 NH2 ÑH2 Enzyme A Enzyme B Enzyme C ↑ ↑ Gene A Gene B Gene C Suppose I have a neurospora strain that has a mutation such that it will not grow unless I supplement the media (food) with arginine (but not with citrulline or ornithine). What gene is mutated? Explain your reasoning. C. Suppose I take the strain above that only grows with arginine supplements and cross it to a different mutant Neurospora strain that grows with arginine and citrulline supplements but not ornithine supplements. Assming genes A, B and C are unlinked and there is only one mutation per strain: i) What percentage of the progeny will grow on ornithine? ii) What percentage on citrulline? iii) What percentage on arginine? Show your work for i), ii) and iii). |arrow_forward
- Palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal anitbody for the prohylaxis of resporatory diseases caused by respiratory syncytical virus (RSV) Researches added palivizumab ( or anitbody 101F as positive control) to RSV prior to incubation with human cells. Based on what you learned about palivizumab what does the data recorded below demonstrate about palivizumab mechanism of action?arrow_forward60. During an experiment, an inbred mouse strain is developed that has a homozygous mutation for the gene encoding the J chain. Immunoglobulins produced by these mice are most likely to have alterations in which of the following biologic properties? 00 A) Ability to pass across the placenta B) Attachment to Fc receptors on eosinophils C) Neutralization of toxins D) Opsonization of encapsulated bacteria E) Secretion across mucosal epithelial cellsarrow_forwardAre the HIV-1 protease inhibitors transition state analogs? Why or why not?arrow_forward