Chapter 10, Problem 10.51AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structures of all of the products formed when ethyl triflate and ethyl mesylate react with potassium iodide in acetone is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Substitution reaction is one of the types of reaction in which one species is replaced by the other species. Substitution reactions can be done either by ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ mechanism or by ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ mechanism. Inversion of the stereochemistry of the product from reactant takes place in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ mechanism. Rate of the substitution reaction dependss on the factor such as steric hindrance present in the molecule, size of the nucleophile and many more.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why triflate anion is a much weaker base than the mesylate anion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The strength of an acid or a base is dependent upon the value of dissociation constant of an acid or a base. Factors such as stability of the ion, presence of an electronegative group, alters the strength of the given acid or a base.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why relative reactivity’s of ethyl triflate anion and ethyl mesylate are inversely correlated with the relative basicity’s is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The strength of an acid or a base is dependent upon the value of dissociation constant of an acid or a base. Factors such as stability of the ion, presence of an electronegative group, alters the strength of the given acid or a base.