It is to be stated and explained if Hume-Rothery rules can be applied to ceramic systems. Concept Introduction: Hume-Rothery rules are the conditions which are to be satisfied to attain unlimited solid solubility. These rules are stated as: 1. The size of the atoms or the ions involved should be similar to minimize the lattice strain. This means that there should not be more than 15 % difference in the atomic radius to avoid the deviations caused in the interatomic spacing. 2. The crystal structure of both the materials should be same to avoid different structure caused due to the transition from one phase to another phase at some point. 3. The difference in the valency of the ions causes the formation of compounds rather than solutions. Thus, the valence of the ions must be same. 4. The significant difference in the electronegativity (affinity for electrons) caused the compound formation rather than solutions. Therefore, the electronegativity of atoms must be approximately same.

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Using R language

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Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It is to be stated and explained if Hume-Rothery rules can be applied to ceramic systems.

Concept Introduction:

Hume-Rothery rules are the conditions which are to be satisfied to attain unlimited solid solubility. These rules are stated as:

1. The size of the atoms or the ions involved should be similar to minimize the lattice strain. This means that there should not be more than 15% difference in the atomic radius to avoid the deviations caused in the interatomic spacing.

2. The crystal structure of both the materials should be same to avoid different structure caused due to the transition from one phase to another phase at some point.

3. The difference in the valency of the ions causes the formation of compounds rather than solutions. Thus, the valence of the ions must be same.

4. The significant difference in the electronegativity (affinity for electrons) caused the compound formation rather than solutions. Therefore, the electronegativity of atoms must be approximately same.

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