Chapter 10, Problem 10.117QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle has to be predicted by using VSEPR model for the given structure and also the hybrid orbitals on the central atoms has to be given.  Whether the given molecule is polar or non-polar has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Lewis structure is used for predicting the shape of molecules.  From the steric number obtained in a Lewis structure, the molecular geometry can be predicted.  VSEPR model can predict the shape of molecules considering their Lewis structure.  Certain rules has to be followed in for the VSEPR model.

• The molecule will have a shape where there is minimal electrostatic repulsion between the valence‑shell electron pairs.
• The forces of repulsion between two lone pairs of electrons will be higher than the repulsion between lone pair and bond pair of electrons.  This in turn will be higher than the bond pair‑bond pair of electrons.

The hybridized orbitals and the steric number can be related as shown below;

Steric number	Hybridized orbital
2	$sp$
3	$s{p}^2$
4	$s{p}^3$
5	$s{p}^{3}d$
6	$s{p}^3{d}^2$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle has to be predicted by using VSEPR model for the given structure and also the hybrid orbitals on the central atoms has to be given.  Whether the molecule is polar or non-polar has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part (a).