Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399425
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1, Problem 5QAP
This textbook provides a specific definition of chemistry: the study of the materials of which the universe is made and the transformations that these materials undergo. Obviously, such a general definition has to be very broad and nonspecific. From your point of view al this lime, how wouldyoudefine chemistry? In your mind, what are “chemicals”? What do “chemists” do?
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Students have asked these similar questions
Imagine a world in which all the elements existed, but they couldn't form any chemical
bonds with each other. What kinds of substances could exist in such a world? What
kinds of substances could not exist? What do you think this world would be like?
There are four sketches below. The first sketch shows a sample of Substance X. The three sketches underneath it show three different changes to the sample.
You must decide whether each of these changes is possible. If a change is possible, you must also decide whether it is a physical change or a chemical change.
Each sketch is drawn as if the sample were under a microscope so powerful that individual atoms could be seen. Also, you should assume that you can see the
entire sample, and that the sample is in a sealed box, so that no matter can enter or leave.
Sample of Substance X
Change 1
Change 1 is
O impossible
O
O a chemical change
a physical change
Change 2
Change 2 is:
impossible
O a physical change
O a chemical change
Change 3
000 000
Change 3 is:
O impossible
O a physical change
O a chemical change
X
Mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined. The substances are formed
together but no new substance is formed. A mixture can be of any form. It may be solid, liquid or in gaseous
form. Mixtures can be classified according to their appearance. Uniform mixtures or Homogenous Mixtures have
substances that cannot be recognized because solutes completely dissolve in the solvent while Nonuniform or
heterogeneous mixtures have components which can be identified easily.
EXPERIMENT:
Forming Mixtures
A. Materials:
Three glasses, water, teaspoon, flour, food color/soy sauce, cooking oil, pebbles/small stones
B. Procedure:
1. Half-fill the four glasses with water.
2. Put the food color/soy sauce in one glass. Stir. Label it as "Set A.
3. Put a teaspoon of flour in the second glass. Stir. Label it as "Set B".
4. Put a teaspoon of cooking oil in the third glass. Stir. Label it as "Set C".
5. Put the pebbles/small stones and the flour in a plate or petri dish…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Ch. 1.4 - What if everyone in the government used the...Ch. 1 - Discuss how a hypothesis can become a theory. Can...Ch. 1 - Make five qualitative and five quantitative...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3ALQCh. 1 - Differentiate between a “theory” and a “scientific...Ch. 1 - Describe three situations when you used the...Ch. 1 - Scientific models do not describe reality. They...Ch. 1 - Theories should inspire questions. Discuss a...Ch. 1 - Describe how you would set up an experiment to...Ch. 1 - If all scientists use the scientific method to try...
Ch. 1 - As stated in the text, there is no one scientific...Ch. 1 - In Section 1.3 the statement is made that it is...Ch. 1 - As part of a science project, you study traffic...Ch. 1 - Prob. 13ALQCh. 1 - Chemistry is an intimidating academic subject for...Ch. 1 - The first paragraphs in this chapter ask you if...Ch. 1 - This section presents several ways our day-to-day...Ch. 1 - The Chemistry in Focus segment titled Dr....Ch. 1 - This textbook provides a specific definition of...Ch. 1 - We use chemical reactions in our everyday lives,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 1 - Being a scientist is very much like being a...Ch. 1 - In science, what is the difference between a law...Ch. 1 - Observations may be either qualitative or...Ch. 1 - Prob. 11QAPCh. 1 - True or false? If a theory is disproven, then all...Ch. 1 - Although, in general, science has advanced our...Ch. 1 - Discuss several political, social, or personal...Ch. 1 - Although reviewing your lecture notes and reading...Ch. 1 - Why is the ability to solve problems important in...Ch. 1 - Students approaching the study of chemistry must...Ch. 1 - The ‘Chemistry in Focus” segmentChemistry: An...
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