Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305961135
Author: Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougal
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1, Problem 42RE
REFLECT AND APPLY The existence of organelles in eukaryotic cells represents a higher degree of organization than that found in prokaryotes. How does this affect the entropy of the Universe?
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carbons in each of the structures below. For instance, the central carbon of chloromethylbutane (pictured
3. A chiral carbon is a carbon that is single-bonded to four different types of groups. Identify the chiral
above) is a chiral carbon. (Can you see how the groups attached to it are all chemically different?)
In each of the chiral molecules below, identify all the carbons that are chiral carbons by drawing a circle
around each one of them.
(a) the carbohydrate glucose
H
O
(b) the carbohydrate fructose
CH₂OH
1C
H-C-OH
3
HO-C-H
4
H-C-OH
5
H-C-OH
6CH₂OH
D-Glucose
(linear form)
(c) the amino acid leucine
O
O
H3C.
HO H
H-
-OH
CH 3 NH2
H-
-OH
CH₂OH
OH
We always include controls in the Annexin-V-GFP/Propidium Iodide flow cytometric assay to study apoptosis. List four types of controls in this assay.
Why do we need these controls? Explain your answers.
After the flow assay, if we like to examine the morphology of the viable, early apoptotic and late apoptotic cells by confocal microscopy, what can we do and what are the expected results?
3. (2 points) Your lab partner accidentally used a pen instead of a pencil to mark the baseline and label the
lanes of their TLC plate. Briefly (1-2 sentences for each point) describe (a) what would happen to the ink
when you develop the TLC plate; and (b) how this would affect the experiment.
1
Chapter 1 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 1 - RECALL State why the following terms are important...Ch. 1 - RECALL Match each entry in Column a with one in...Ch. 1 - RECALL Identify the functional groups in the...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY In 1828, Wohler was the first...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY A friend who is enthusiastic...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Does biochemistry differ from...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY An earlier mission to Mars...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Common proteins are polymers of...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Nucleic acids are polymers of...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY RNA is often characterized as...
Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Why is the development of...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY What are two major advantages of...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Why was the development of a...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Comment on RNAs role in...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Do you consider it a reasonable...Ch. 1 - RECALL List five differences between prokaryotes...Ch. 1 - RECALL Do the sites of protein synthesis differ in...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Assume that a scientist claims...Ch. 1 - RECALL Draw an idealized animal cell, and identify...Ch. 1 - RECALL Draw an idealized plant cell, and identify...Ch. 1 - RECALL What are the differences between the...Ch. 1 - RECALL Which organelles are surrounded by a double...Ch. 1 - RECALL Which organelles contain DNA?Ch. 1 - RECALL Which organelles are the sites of...Ch. 1 - RECALL State how the following organelles differ...Ch. 1 - RECALL List the five kingdoms into which living...Ch. 1 - RECALL Which of the five kingdoms consist of...Ch. 1 - RECALL How does the five-kingdom classification...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY What are the advantages of being...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Mitochondria and chloroplasts...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Fossil evidence indicates that...Ch. 1 - RECALL Which processes are favored: those that...Ch. 1 - RECALL Does the thermodynamic term spontaneous...Ch. 1 - BIOCHEMICAL CONNECTIONS For the process...Ch. 1 - RECALL Which of the following are spontaneous...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY In which of the following...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Why is it necessary to specify...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Why is the entropy of a system...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY A reaction at 23C has G=1kJmol1....Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Urea dissolves very readily in...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Would you expect the reaction...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY The existence of organelles in...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Why is it advantageous for a...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Which would you expect to have a...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY How would you modify your answer...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY Would it be more or less likely...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY What thermodynamic...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY If cells of the kind we know...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY The process of protein folding...Ch. 1 - REFLECT AND APPLY In biochemistry, the exergonic...
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- Do schwann cells produce or act as myelin in the peripheral nervous system? I know that they encase and wrap around axons, but where does the myelin come into play?arrow_forwardThe enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactatein skeletal muscle cells using NAD/NADH during anaerobic “balanced” fermentation.Answer the following questions about this reaction. (a) Write out the two reductive half reactions and indicate the E ̊' for each half reaction. Write out the full balanced reaction for the pyruvate to lactate rxn and indicate the ∆E ̊' for the reaction. (b) What is the free energy change under standard state conditions for thisreaction? Which direction is spontaneous?(c) Assume that in skeletal muscle cells the ratio of [NAD+] to [NADH] is 100, and that the[pyruvate] = 0.40 mM and [lactate] = 4.0 mM. What is the free energy change (∆G')for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate? Indicate the direction in which the reactionis spontaneous under these cellular conditions.arrow_forwardWhy did the authors worry about the temperature-dependent solubility of the carriers in thebilayer? How did the authors determine whether the effect of freezing the lipid bilayer wasto decrease the solubility of the carriers (nonactin and valinomycin) or whether the effectwas to impair their ability to diffuse through the membrane (decrease their mobility)?arrow_forward
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