The Solar System
The Solar System
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337672252
Author: The Solar System
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 1, Problem 2LL

Look at Figure 1-6. How can you tell that Mercury does not follow a circular orbit?

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A planet's speed in orbit is given by     V = (30 km/s)[(2/r)-(1/a)]0.5   where V is the planet's velocity, r is the distance in AU's from the Sun at that instant, and a is the semimajor axis of its orbit.  Calculate the Earth's velocity in its orbit (assume it is circular):        What is the velocity of Mars at a distance of 1.41 AU from the Sun?       What is the spacecraft's velocity when it is 1 AU from the Sun (after launch from the Earth)?       What additional velocity does the launch burn have to give to the spacecraft? (i.e. What is the difference between the Earth's velocity and the velocity the spacecraft needs to have?)        How fast will the spacecraft be traveling when it reaches Mars?       Does the spacecraft need to gain or lose velocity to go into the same orbit as Mars?
When the Earth passes directly between the Sun and Mars, the Earth and Mars are closest to each other. If Mars is 1.52 AU from the Sun and there are 1.5 x 108 km in 1 AU, how many times will the width of the U.S. (2,530 miles) fit end-to-end between Mars and Earth? Planets and Sun not drawn to scale. Mars Earth Sun Part 1 of 4 Mars is 1.52 AU from the Sun. How many times further away from the Sun is Mars than the Earth? (The distances in AU are relative to the distance between the Sun and the Earth, so however many AU a planet is away from the Sun is how many times farther it is from Sun than Earth.) 1.52✔ 1.52 times further away
I. Directions: Complete the given table by finding the ratio of the planet's time of revolution to its radius. Average Radius of Orbit Times of Planet R3 T2 T?/R3 Revolution Mercury 5.7869 x 1010 7.605 x 106 Venus 1.081 x 1011 1.941 x 107 Earth 1.496 x 1011 3.156 x 107 1. What pattern do you observe in the last column of data? Which law of Kepler's does this seem to support? II. Solve the given problems. Write your solution on the space provided before each number. 1. You wish to put a 1000-kg satellite into a circular orbit 300 km above the earth's surface. Find the following: a) Speed b) Period c) Radial Acceleration Given: Unknown: Formula: Solution: Answer: Given: Unknown: Formula: Solution: Answer: Given: Unknown: Formula: Solution: Answer:

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